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A hydraulic cylinder (also called a linear hydraulic motor) is a mechanical actuator that is used to give a unidirectional force through a unidirectional stroke. [ citation needed ] It has many applications, notably in construction equipment ( engineering vehicles ), manufacturing machinery , elevators , and civil engineering.
Sequence valves control the sequence of hydraulic circuits; to ensure that one hydraulic cylinder is fully extended before another starts its stroke, for example. Hydraulic circuits can perform a sequence of operations automatically, such as trip-and-reclose three times, then lockout, of an oil-interrupting recloser. [7]
Pneumatic and hydraulic cylinders, or lead screws can be designed to generate force in both directions. Mechanical actuators typically convert rotary motion of a control knob or handle into linear displacement via screws and/or gears to which the knob or handle is attached. A jackscrew or car jack is a familiar mechanical actuator.
The control signal is relatively low in energy and may be voltage, electric current, pneumatic, or hydraulic fluid pressure, or even human power [clarification needed]. [3] In the electric, hydraulic, and pneumatic sense, it is a form of automation or automatic control .
Cutaway side-view diagram of an axial piston pump 3-D rendering of an axial piston pump with the parts labeled Animation of an axial piston pump in operation. An axial piston pump has a number of pistons (usually an odd number) arranged in a circular array within a housing which is commonly referred to as a cylinder block, rotor or barrel.
A servo valve receives pressurized hydraulic fluid from a source, typically a hydraulic pump. It then transfers the fluid to a hydraulic cylinder in a closely controlled manner. Typically, the valve will move the spool proportionnaly to an electrical signal that it receives, indirectly controlling flow rate.
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