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Hindu denominations, sampradayas, traditions, movements, and sects are traditions and sub-traditions within Hinduism centered on one or more gods or goddesses, such as Vishnu, Shiva, Shakti and so on. [1] The term sampradaya is used for branches with a particular founder-guru with a particular philosophy. [2]
In Vishnu-centered sects, Vishnu or Narayana is the one supreme God. The belief in the supremacy of Vishnu is based upon the many avatars (incarnations) of Vishnu listed in the Puranic texts, which differs from other Hindu deities such as Ganesha, Surya, or Durga.
An adherent of Shaktism is called Shakta. In 2020, the World Religion Database (WRD) estimated that Shaktism is the third largest Hindu sect, constituting about 305 million Hindus. The Sruti and Smriti texts of Hinduism form an important scriptural framework in Shaktism.
Swaminarayan propagated general Hindu texts. [47] He held the Bhagavata Purana in high authority. [110] However, there are many texts that were written by Swaminarayan or his followers that are regarded as shastras or scriptures within the Swaminarayan sect. Notable scriptures throughout the sect include the Shikshapatri and the Vachanamrut.
Smartas are usually committed to a "relatively unified Hinduism" and they reject extreme forms of sectarian isolationism, reminiscent of the European discourse about the church and Christian sects. [3] The tradition, states Milner, has roots that emerged sometime between 3rd century BCE and 3rd century CE, likely in response to the growth of ...
The sun god called Surya is an ancient deity of Hinduism, and several ancient Hindu kingdoms particularly in the northwest and eastern regions of the Indian subcontinent revered Surya. These devotees called Sauras once had a large corpus of theological texts, and Shaivism literature reverentially acknowledges these. [ 289 ]
The priests of the Saura sect were called magas, bhojakas, or sakadivipiya Brahmins. [5] In the Saura sect, the god Surya is the lord of the Trimurti , the eternal Brahman, and the supreme spirit, the soul of all creatures, self-existent, unborn, the cause of all things and the foundation of the world.
The Puṣṭimārga, also known as Pushtimarg (Path of Nourishing or Flourishing) or Vallabha Sampradāya, is a sect within the Vaishnavism tradition of Hinduism.It was established in the early 16th century by Vallabha (1479–1530) and further developed by his descendants, particularly Viṭṭhalanātha.