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The scope of the terms Y′UV, YUV, YCbCr, YPbPr, etc., is sometimes ambiguous and overlapping. Y′UV is the separation used in PAL. YDbDr is the format used in SECAM and PAL-N, unusually based on non-gamma-corrected (linear) RGB, making the Y component true luminance. Y′IQ is the format used in NTSC television.
YCbCr is sometimes abbreviated to YCC.Typically the terms Y′CbCr, YCbCr, YPbPr and YUV are used interchangeably, leading to some confusion. The main difference is that YPbPr is used with analog images and YCbCr with digital images, leading to different scaling values for U max and V max (in YCbCr both are ) when converting to/from YUV.
For example, applying a histogram equalization directly to the channels in an RGB image would alter the color balance of the image. Instead, the histogram equalization is applied to the Y channel of the YIQ or YUV representation of the image, which only normalizes the brightness levels of the image.
Huffyuv (or HuffYUV) is a lossless video codec created by Ben Rudiak-Gould which is meant to replace uncompressed YCbCr as a video capture format. The codec can also compress in the RGB color space. "Lossless" means that the output from the decompressor is bit-for-bit identical with the original input to the compressor.
However, the term YUV is often used erroneously to refer to Y'CbCr encoding. Hence, expressions like "4:2:2 YUV" always refer to 4:2:2 Y'CbCr, since there simply is no such thing as 4:x:x in analog encoding (such as YUV). Pixel formats used in Y'CbCr can be referred to as YUV too, for example yuv420p, yuvj420p and many others.
Color formats for image and video processing – Color conversion between RGB, YUV, YCbCr and YPbPr. PixFC-SSE – C library of SSE-optimised color format conversions. Konica Minolta Sensing: Precise Color Communication; Higham, Nicholas J., Color Spaces and Digital Imaging, from The Princeton Companion to Applied Mathematics
For RGB signals with bit depth n, the bit depth of the Y signal when using YCoCg-R will be n and the bit depth of Co and Cg will be n+1, as contrasted with ordinary YCoCg which would need n+2 bits for Y and Cg and n+1 bits for Co. [8] Here, possible values for Y are still in [0, 1], while possible values for Co and Cg are now in [-1, 1].
For example, when an ordinary RGB digital image is compressed via the JPEG standard, the RGB color space is first converted (by a rotation matrix) to a YCbCr color space, because the three components in that space have less correlation redundancy and because the chrominance components can then be subsampled by a factor of 2 or 4 to further ...