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A five-sigma level translates to one chance in 3.5 million that a random fluctuation would yield the result. This level of certainty was required in order to assert that a particle consistent with the Higgs boson had been discovered in two independent experiments at CERN , [ 11 ] also leading to the declaration of the first observation of ...
Random variables are usually written in upper case Roman letters, such as or and so on. Random variables, in this context, usually refer to something in words, such as "the height of a subject" for a continuous variable, or "the number of cars in the school car park" for a discrete variable, or "the colour of the next bicycle" for a categorical variable.
The standard deviation of the distribution is (sigma). A random variable with a Gaussian distribution is said to be normally distributed , and is called a normal deviate . Normal distributions are important in statistics and are often used in the natural and social sciences to represent real-valued random variables whose distributions are not ...
sigma: summation operator area charge density: coulomb per square meter (C/m 2) electrical conductivity: siemens per meter (S/m) normal stress: pascal (Pa) scattering cross section: barn (10^-28 m^2) surface tension: newton per meter (N/m) tau: torque: newton meter (N⋅m) shear stress: pascal time constant: second (s)
These equations need to be refined such that the notation is defined as has been done for the previous sets of equations. Name Equations Strong force
Semifinite measures generalize sigma-finite measures, in such a way that some big theorems of measure theory that hold for sigma-finite but not arbitrary measures can be extended with little modification to hold for semifinite measures. (To-do: add examples of such theorems; cf. the talk page.)
Sigma males are “considered ‘equal’ to Alphas on the hierarchy but live outside of the hierarchy by choice,” reads the website. Urban Dictionary adds that sigma “is what all 10 year olds ...
In mathematical analysis and in probability theory, a σ-algebra ("sigma algebra"; also σ-field, where the σ comes from the German "Summe" [1]) on a set X is a nonempty collection Σ of subsets of X closed under complement, countable unions, and countable intersections. The ordered pair (,) is called a measurable space.