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The beak, bill, or rostrum is an external anatomical structure found mostly in birds, but also in turtles, non-avian dinosaurs and a few mammals. A beak is used for pecking, grasping, and holding (in probing for food, eating, manipulating and carrying objects, killing prey, or fighting), preening, courtship, and feeding young.
Measuring the culmen. The upper margin of the beak or bill is referred to as the culmen.The measurement is taken using calipers with one jaw at the tip of the upper mandible and the other at the base of the bill (at the junction with the skull, a measurement called "total culmen") or where the feathers begin (a measurement called "exposed culmen").
The colour of a bird's beak results from concentrations of pigments—primarily melanins and carotenoids—in the epidermal layers, including the rhamphotheca. [39] In general, beak colour depends on a combination of the bird's hormonal state and diet. Colours are typically brightest as the breeding season approaches and palest after breeding. [40]
View history; Tools. Tools. move to sidebar hide. Actions Read; ... A culmen is a top, a summit or a culminating point. It may also refer to: ... (bird), the upper ...
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External anatomy of a typical bird: 1 Beak, 2 Head, 3 Iris, 4 Pupil, 5 Mantle, 6 Lesser coverts, 7 Scapulars, 8 Coverts, 9 Tertials, 10 Rump, 11 Primaries, 12 Vent, 13 Thigh, 14 Tibio-tarsal articulation, 15 Tarsus, 16 Feet, 17 Tibia, 18 Belly, 19 Flanks, 20 Breast, 21 Throat, 22 Wattle, 23 Eyestripe Topography of a typical passerine.
Rostrum (from Latin rostrum, meaning beak) is a term used in anatomy for several kinds of hard, beak-like structures projecting out from the head or mouth of an animal. Despite some visual similarity, many of these are phylogenetically unrelated structures in widely varying species.
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