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A direct-shift gearbox (DSG, German: Direktschaltgetriebe [1]) [2] [3] is an electronically controlled, dual-clutch, [2] multiple-shaft, automatic gearbox, in either a transaxle or traditional transmission layout (depending on engine/drive configuration), with automated clutch operation, and with fully-automatic [2] or semi-manual gear selection.
[3] [7] By timing the operation of one clutch to engage at the precise moment that the other is disengaging, a DCT can shift gears without interrupting the torque supply to the wheels. [6] [7] A DCT uses clutch packs (as per a manual transmission), rather than the torque converter used by traditional (hydraulic) automatic transmissions. [1]
The Aisin TL-80SN (Toyota AA 80E/AA 80F/AA 81E) series is the world's first 8-speed automatic transmission for passenger cars. [3] It is designed for longitudinal engines [ a ] [ 1 ] and was first used in the 2007 model year Lexus LS 460.
3 2.7331 1.6532 1.6532 S 2 3 2 Torque Converter: Hydraulic 3HP 22: 30 kg⋅m (217 lb⋅ft) 1973 – 1990 Longitudinal: 2.4795 1.0000 3 2.4795 1.5746 1.5746 S 2 3 2 Torque Converter: Hydraulic 4HP 22: 380 N⋅m (280 lb⋅ft) 1980 – 2003 Longitudinal: 2.7331 0.7281 4 3.7539 1.5541 1.4106 S 3 4 3 Torque Converter w/ Lockup Hydraulic 4HP 22: 380 ...
The 8HP 70 transmission with the gearset 4 in 23-85-teeth-configuration was the pilot series and therefore without generation designation. It was first used in the BMW 7 Series (F01) 760Li, has a torque handling limit of 700 N⋅m (516 lb⋅ft), and weighs 87 kg (192 lb).
In normal condition it sequentially shift gears, but if required it can skip some gears, that are: 7 to 5, 6 to 2, 5 to 3 and 3 to 1. [3] On vehicles with 6 or 8 cylinder engines with comfort mode engaged, as well as on off-road vehicles with low range selected, the transmission will always use 2nd gear as initial gear. [4]
9G-Tronic is Mercedes-Benz's trademark name for its 9-speed automatic transmission, starting off with the W9A 700 (Wandler-9-Gang-Automatik bis 700 N⋅m Eingangsdrehmoment; converter-9-gear-automatic with 700 N⋅m (516 lb⋅ft) maximum input torque; type 725.0 [1]) as core model.
The most common type of CVT uses a V-belt which runs between two variable-diameter pulleys. [1] The pulleys consist of two cone-shaped halves that move together and apart. The V-belt runs between these two halves, so the effective diameter of the pulley is dependent on the distance between the two halves of the pulley.