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Wim Duisenberg, first President of the ECB. The European Central Bank is the de facto successor of the European Monetary Institute (EMI). [7] The EMI was established at the start of the second stage of the EU's Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) to handle the transitional issues of states adopting the euro and prepare for the creation of the ECB and European System of Central Banks (ESCB). [7]
The European Central Bank (ECB) is required by the Treaties of the European Union to have its seat within the city limits of Frankfurt, the largest financial centre in the eurozone. [7] The ECB previously resided in the Eurotower and, as its duties increased due to countries joining the eurozone, in three further high-rise buildings nearby ...
The European Central Bank's (ECB) seat had to symbolise its independence from political control, and was located in a city which did not already host a national government or European institution. [5] Some new agencies have also been based in eastern Europe since 2004 to balance their distribution across the EU. [6]
European Central Bank (Bank of Lithuania) Lietuvos Bankas: 1990 Luxembourg: Euro: European Central Bank (Central Bank of Luxembourg) Banque centrale du Luxembourg / Luxemburger Zentralbank / Zentralbank vu Lëtzebuerg: 1998 Macau: Macanese pataca: Monetary Authority of Macao: 澳門金融管理局 Autoridade Monetária de Macau: 1999 Madagascar ...
The ESCB is composed of the European Central Bank and the national central banks of all 27 member states of the EU. The first section of the following list lists member states and their central banks that form the Eurosystem (plus the ECB), which set eurozone monetary policy.
On 4 November 2014 the European Central Bank formally took supervisory control over the biggest banks in Europe, including those in Ireland. While banking supervision staff in the Central Bank of Ireland remained, a pan-European approach to how banks were supervised was introduced, known as European Banking Supervision .
Country Currency Central bank Pegged with Austria Euro: Oesterreichische Nationalbank: float Belgium National Bank of Belgium Croatia Croatian National Bank Cyprus Central Bank of Cyprus
The Eurotower, home of the European Central Bank supervisory staff. The first pillar of the banking union is European Banking Supervision, also known as the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM), which grants the European Central Bank (ECB) a leading supervisory role over banks in the euro area. [33]