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Green nail syndrome is an infection that can develop in individuals whose hands are frequently submerged in water resulting in discolouration of the nails from shades of green to black. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] It may also occur as transverse green stripes that are ascribed to intermittent episodes of infection. [ 3 ]
Leukonychia (or leuconychia) is a medical term for white discoloration appearing on nails. [2] It is derived from the Greek words leuko 'white' and onyx 'nail'. The most common cause is injury to the base of the nail (the matrix) where the nail is formed.
Onychomycosis, also known as tinea unguium, [4] is a fungal infection of the nail. [2] Symptoms may include white or yellow nail discoloration, thickening of the nail, and separation of the nail from the nail bed. [2]
Nail clubbing - nails that curve down around the fingertips with nailbeds that bulge is associated with oxygen deprivation and lung, heart, or liver disease. Koilonychia - spooning, or nails that grow upwards. Associated with iron-deficiency anaemia or vitamin B 12 deficiency. [citation needed] Pitting of the nails is associated with psoriasis.
Mees' lines can look similar to injury to the nail, which should not be confused with true Mees' lines. [1]Mees' lines appear after an episode of poisoning with arsenic, [2] thallium or other heavy metals or selenium, [3] opioid MT-45, and can also appear if the subject is suffering from kidney failure. [4]
Onychauxis presents with thickened nails without deformity, and this simple thickening may be the result of trauma, acromegaly, Darier's disease, psoriasis, or pityriasis rubra pilaris, or, in some cases, hereditary. [1]: 783 [2] It may appear as loss of nail palate translucency, discoloration, and subungual hyperkeratosis.
The blood pools under the nail, giving a reddish, brownish, blueish, or grey/blackish discoloration. The blood puts pressure to the nailbed causing pain which can be throbbing in quality and disappears when the pressure on the nail bed is relieved. [2] Subungual hematomas typically heal without incident, though infection may occur.
Psoriatic nails are characterized by a translucent discolouration in the nail bed that resembles a drop of oil beneath the nail plate. [2] Early signs that may accompany the "oil drop" include thickening of the lateral edges of the nail bed with or without resultant flattening or concavity of the nail; separation of the nail from the underlying nail bed, often in thin streaks from the tip-edge ...