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  2. Kinetic energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_energy

    The mathematical by-product of this calculation is the massenergy equivalence formula, that mass and energy are essentially the same thing: [14]: 51 [15]: 121 = = At a low speed (v ≪ c), the relativistic kinetic energy is approximated well by the classical kinetic energy.

  3. Boltzmann equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boltzmann_equation

    The Boltzmann equation can be used to derive the fluid dynamic conservation laws for mass, charge, momentum, and energy. [ 8 ] : 163 For a fluid consisting of only one kind of particle, the number density n is given by n = ∫ f d 3 p . {\displaystyle n=\int f\,d^{3}\mathbf {p} .}

  4. Specific kinetic energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_kinetic_energy

    The specific kinetic energy of a system is a crucial parameter in understanding its dynamic behavior and plays a key role in various scientific and engineering applications. Specific kinetic energy is an intensive property, whereas kinetic energy and mass are extensive properties. The SI unit for specific kinetic energy is the joule per ...

  5. Lagrangian mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrangian_mechanics

    Kinetic energy T is the energy of the system's motion and is a function only of the velocities v k, not the positions r k, nor time t, so T = T(v 1, v 2, ...). V , the potential energy of the system, reflects the energy of interaction between the particles, i.e. how much energy any one particle has due to all the others, together with any ...

  6. Kinetic theory of gases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_theory_of_gases

    Thus, the ratio of the kinetic energy to the absolute temperature of an ideal monatomic gas can be calculated easily: per mole: 12.47 J/K; per molecule: 20.7 yJ/K = 129 μeV/K; At standard temperature (273.15 K), the kinetic energy can also be obtained: per mole: 3406 J; per molecule: 5.65 zJ = 35.2 meV.

  7. Table of thermodynamic equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_of_thermodynamic...

    Quantity (common name/s) (Common) symbol/s Defining equation SI unit Dimension Temperature gradient: No standard symbol K⋅m −1: ΘL −1: Thermal conduction rate, thermal current, thermal/heat flux, thermal power transfer

  8. Mean free path - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_free_path

    where q is the charge, is the mean free time, m * is the effective mass, and v F is the Fermi velocity of the charge carrier. The Fermi velocity can easily be derived from the Fermi energy via the non-relativistic kinetic energy equation.

  9. Mass–energy equivalence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massenergy_equivalence

    Each of these particles has a kinetic energy of mc 2 up to a small numerical factor. The nonrelativistic kinetic energy formula did not always include the traditional factor of ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠, since German polymath Gottfried Leibniz introduced kinetic energy without it, and the ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ is largely conventional in prerelativistic physics. [53]