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The sphenoid bone [note 1] is an unpaired bone of the neurocranium. It is situated in the middle of the skull towards the front, in front of the basilar part of the occipital bone. The sphenoid bone is one of the seven bones that articulate to form the orbit. Its shape somewhat resembles that of a butterfly, bat or wasp with its wings extended.
The posterior clinoid processes are the tubercles of the sphenoid bone situated at the superior angles of the dorsum sellae (one on each angle) which represents the posterior boundary of the sella turcica. They vary considerably in size and form.
Superior view of the skull base. Middle cranial fossa shown in green. 1: Sphenoidal limbus (anterior margin of the chiasmatic groove) 2: Posterior borders of the lesser wings of the sphenoid 3: Dorsum sellae of the sphenoid bone. 4: Superior borders of the petrous part of the temporal bone
The chiasmatic groove (chiasmatic sulcus, optic groove, prechiasmatic sulcus) is a transverse [1] groove upon the superior aspect of the body of sphenoid bone [1] [2]: 509 within the middle cranial fossa.
The superior surface of the body [Fig. 1] presents in front a prominent spine, the ethmoidal spine, for articulation with the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone; behind this is a smooth surface slightly raised in the middle line, and grooved on either side for the olfactory lobes of the brain.
Superior view of the skull base. posterior cranial fossa shown in green. 1: Dorsum sellae of the sphenoid bone 2: Superior borders of the petrous part of the temporal bone. 3: Groove for transverse sinus of the occipital bone
The canal is located in the sphenoid bone; it is bounded medially by the body of the sphenoid and laterally by the lesser wing of the sphenoid. The superior surface of the sphenoid bone is bounded behind by a ridge, which forms the anterior border of a narrow, transverse groove, the chiasmatic groove (optic groove), above and behind which lies ...
2: Posterior borders of the lesser wings of the sphenoid 3: Dorsum sellae of the sphenoid bone 4: Superior borders of the petrous part of the temporal bone. 5: Groove for transverse sinus of the occipital bone