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France has been a member of the United Nations (UN) since its foundation in 1945 [1] and is one of the five countries, alongside China, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States, that holds a permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), [2] which is responsible for maintaining international peace and security.
As such, France has transferred part of its sovereignty to European institutions, as provided by its constitution. The French government therefore has to abide by European treaties, directives and regulations. According to the V-Dem Democracy indices France was in 2023 the 10th most electoral democratic country in the world. [3]
A democracy is a political system, or a system of decision-making within an institution, organization, or state, in which members have a share of power. [2] Modern democracies are characterized by two capabilities of their citizens that differentiate them fundamentally from earlier forms of government: to intervene in society and have their sovereign (e.g., their representatives) held ...
On 19 September 2017, he launched a summit on the margins of the 72nd United Nations General Assembly to call for the adoption of a Global Pact for the Environment. [132] [133] In 2018, Macron announced that France would commit €700 million to the International Solar Alliance, a treaty-based alliance to expand solar power infrastructure. [134]
The permanent representative, currently Nicolas de Rivière, is charged with representing France, both through its permanent seat on the U.N. Security Council and also during plenary meetings of the General Assembly, except in the rare situation in which a more senior officer (such as the minister for Europe and foreign affairs, the prime ...
The current Constitution regards the separation of church and state, democracy, social welfare, and indivisibility as core principles of the French state. [ 3 ] [ non-primary source needed ] Charles de Gaulle was the main driving force in introducing the new constitution and inaugurating the Fifth Republic , while the text was drafted by Michel ...
The Charter of the United Nations (UN) is the foundational treaty of the United Nations. [1] It establishes the purposes, governing structure, and overall framework of the UN system , including its six principal organs : the Secretariat , the General Assembly , the Security Council , the Economic and Social Council , the International Court of ...
Religiously France became divided between the Catholic majority and a Protestant minority, the Huguenots, which led to a series of civil wars, the Wars of Religion (1562–1598). The Wars of Religion crippled France, but triumph over Spain and the Habsburg monarchy in the Thirty Years' War made France the most powerful nation on the continent ...