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Strict nature reserves, national parks, nature reserves, forest corridors, and sanctuaries recognized under the Flora and Fauna Protection Ordinance are managed by Department of Wildlife Conservation. Total of all protected areas is 1,767,000 ha. Protected areas in Sri Lanka account for 26.5 percent of the total area. [1]
Sri Lanka is known to be home to 794 species of Hemipterans. Detailed work of Sri Lankan hemipterans are recorded in the book Catalogue of Hemiptera of Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka comprises 74 species in 46 genera and 6 families of aphids within the order Hemiptera. 2 endemic aphid species are found on Sri Lanka
It is the government department responsible for maintaining national parks, nature reserves and wildlife in wilderness areas in Sri Lanka. [3] Forest reserves and wilderness areas are maintained by the Department of Forest Conservation. [4] The head of the department is the Director General of Wildlife Conservation, formally known as Warden.
The threats to the ecosystem of the Bar Reef were identified as over-exploitation of fish resources (there is an observable decline in the number of fish), unsuitable fishing methods (such as deep purse seining, which damage the coral and deplete fish resources) and pollution from human activities (prawn farms and agriculture).
Hikkaduwa coral reef is a typical shallow fringing reef with an average depth of around 5 metres (16 ft). [2] The coral reef reduces the coastal erosion and forms a natural breakwater. [1] The coast of the national park extends four km. Generally the coast is narrow, ranging from 5–50 m according to the climatic conditions of the year.
Sanctuaries are governed by the Fauna and Flora Protection Ordinance (No. 2) of 1937 and may be created, amended or abolished by ministerial order. [1] All wildlife in sanctuaries are protected but the habitat is only protected in state-owned land, allowing human activities to continue on privately owned land. [1]
Its mission is to protect and expand Sri Lanka's forests and woodlands. [2] The head of the department is the Conservator General, Dr. K.M.A.Bandara. It comes under the purview of the Ministry of Wildlife and Forest Resource Conservation.
National parks are a class of protected areas in Sri Lanka and are administered by the Department of Wildlife Conservation.National parks are governed by the Fauna and Flora Protection Ordinance (No. 2) of 1937 and may be created, amended or abolished by ministerial order. [1]