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  2. Raschig–Hooker process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raschig–Hooker_process

    [6] [7] Due to the two step nature, the Raschig–Hooker process can be used to produce either chlorobenzene or phenol. Reaction scheme of the Raschig-Hooker process. The Raschig–Hooker process's ability to make phenol makes it comparable to other methods, such as the Dow and Bayer process, which also converts benzene into phenol. In fact ...

  3. Dow process (phenol) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dow_process_(phenol)

    When 1-[14 C]-1-chlorobenzene was subjected to aqueous NaOH at 395 °C, ipso substitution product 1-[14 C]-phenol was formed in 54% yield, while cine substitution product 2-[14 C]-phenol was formed in 43% yield, indicating that an elimination-addition (benzyne) mechanism is predominant, with perhaps a small amount of product from addition ...

  4. Phenol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenol

    Phenol is an organic compound appreciably soluble in water, with about 84.2 g dissolving in 1000 ml (0.895 M).Homogeneous mixtures of phenol and water at phenol to water mass ratios of ~2.6 and higher are possible.

  5. Dow process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dow_process

    Dow process (phenol), a method of phenol production through the hydrolysis of chlorobenzene Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Dow process .

  6. Chlorobenzene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorobenzene

    Chlorobenzene (abbreviated PhCl) is an aryl chloride and the simplest of the chlorobenzenes, consisting of a benzene ring substituted with one chlorine atom. Its chemical formula is C 6 H 5 Cl. This colorless, flammable liquid is a common solvent and a widely used intermediate in the manufacture of other chemicals.

  7. Electrophilic halogenation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrophilic_halogenation

    A few types of aromatic compounds, such as phenol, will react without a catalyst, but for typical benzene derivatives with less reactive substrates, a Lewis acid is required as a catalyst. Typical Lewis acid catalysts include AlCl 3, FeCl 3, FeBr 3 and ZnCl 2. These work by forming a highly electrophilic complex which is attacked by the benzene ...

  8. Diphenyl ether - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diphenyl_ether

    Involving similar reactions, diphenyl ether is a significant side product in the high-pressure hydrolysis of chlorobenzene in the production of phenol. [ 7 ] Related compounds are prepared by Ullmann reactions .

  9. Naturally occurring phenols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturally_occurring_phenols

    In female elephants, the two compounds 3-ethyl phenol and 2-ethyl 4,5 dimethylphenol have been detected in urine samples. [70] Temporal glands secretion examination showed the presence of phenol, m-cresol and p-cresol (4-methyl phenol) during musth in male elephants. [71] [72] [73] p-Cresol and o-cresol are also components of the human sweat.