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A square root of a number x is a number r which, when squared, becomes x: =. Every positive real number has two square roots, one positive and one negative. For example, the two square roots of 25 are 5 and −5. The positive square root is also known as the principal square root, and is denoted with a radical sign:
The square root of a positive integer is the product of the roots of its prime factors, because the square root of a product is the product of the square roots of the factors. Since p 2 k = p k , {\textstyle {\sqrt {p^{2k}}}=p^{k},} only roots of those primes having an odd power in the factorization are necessary.
In mathematics, the radical symbol, radical sign, root symbol, or surd is a symbol for the square root or higher-order root of a number. The square root of a number x is written as , while the n th root of x is written as . It is also used for other meanings in more advanced mathematics, such as the radical of an ideal. In linguistics, the ...
In the case of three real roots, the square root expression is an imaginary number; here any real root is expressed by defining the first cube root to be any specific complex cube root of the complex radicand, and by defining the second cube root to be the complex conjugate of the first one.
Radical expression involving roots, also known as an nth root; Radical symbol (√), used to indicate the square root and other roots; Radical of an algebraic group, a concept in algebraic group theory; Radical of an ideal, an important concept in abstract algebra; Radical of a ring, an ideal of "bad" elements of a ring
There is no known polynomial-time algorithm for computing the square-free part of an integer. [ 3 ] The definition is generalized to the largest t {\displaystyle t} -free divisor of n {\displaystyle n} , r a d t {\displaystyle \mathrm {rad} _{t}} , which are multiplicative functions which act on prime powers as
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The square root of 5 is the positive real number that, when multiplied by itself, gives the prime number 5. It is more precisely called the principal square root of 5 , to distinguish it from the negative number with the same property.