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2. Durable water repellent - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durable_water_repellent

   Durable water repellents are commonly used in conjunction with waterproof breathable fabrics such as Gore-Tex to prevent the outer layer of fabric from becoming saturated with water. This saturation, called 'wetting out,' can reduce the garment's breathability (moisture transport through the breathable membrane) and let water through.

3. Waterproof fabric - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterproof_fabric

   Drop of water on 100% polyester textile. Waterproof/breathable fabrics resist liquid water passing through, but allow water vapour to pass through. Their ability to block out rain and snow while allowing vapour from sweat to evaporate leads to their use in rainwear, waterproof outdoor sports clothing, tents, and other applications.

4. Breathability - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breathability

   While B-2 is a good test, it eliminates the effect of fabric when in direct contact with water. When sweat condenses on the inside of a fabric with a hydrophilic laminate, the lamination will actively pull the water through the fabric reducing condensation. This can be a tremendous addition to the comfort of the user.

5. Gore-Tex - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gore-Tex

   Gore-Tex is W. L. Gore & Associates's trade name for waterproof, breathable fabric membrane. It was invented in 1969. Gore-Tex blocks liquid water while allowing water vapor to pass through and is designed to be a lightweight, waterproof fabric for all-weather use.

6. Coated fabrics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coated_fabrics

   Coated fabrics are those that have undergone a coating procedure to become more functional and hold the added properties, such as cotton fabrics becoming impermeable or waterproof. Coated textiles are used in a variety of applications, including blackout curtains and the development of waterproof fabrics for raincoats.

7. Moisture vapor transmission rate - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moisture_vapor...

   Typical rates in aluminium foil laminates may be as low as 0.001 g/m 2 /day, whereas the rate in fabrics can measure up to several thousand g/m 2 /day. [citation needed] Often, barrier testing is conducted on a sheet of material. Calculations based on that can be useful when designing completed structures, clothing, and packages.

8. Tog (unit) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tog_(unit)

   Launched in the 1940s by the Shirley Institute, the Shirley Togmeter is the standard apparatus for rating thermal resistance of textiles, commonly known as the Tog Test. This apparatus, described in BS 4745:2005 [ 8 ] measures a sample of textile, either between two metal plates (for underclothing) or between a metal plate and free air (for ...

9. Nikwax Analogy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikwax_Analogy

   Unlike most "waterproof breathable" fabrics, Analogy can pass out liquid water as well as vapour. Unlike a conventional waterproof fabric, Analogy would fail a hydrostatic head test (if used to seal the bottom of a tube containing water, only a very short column could be supported). However, like fur, Analogy causes water to flow away from the ...