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Turkish War of Independence; Part of the Revolutions of 1917–1923 in the aftermath of World War I: Clockwise from top left: Delegation gathered in Sivas Congress to determine the objectives of the Turkish National Movement; Turkish civilians carrying ammunition to the front; Kuva-yi Milliye infantry; Turkish horse cavalry in chase; Turkish Army's capture of Smyrna; troops in Ankara's Ulus ...
This is a list of wars involving the Republic of Turkey and includes conflicts such as coups, insurgencies, offensives, border and international disputes since the Turkish War of Independence in 1919. For wars before 1919, involving the Ottoman Empire, see List of wars involving the Ottoman Empire. Turkish victory Another result *
The Liberation of Izmir in 1922 effectively sealed the Turkish victory and ended the Turkish War of Independence Main article: Turkish War of Independence The Turkish revolutionaries rejected the Treaty of Sèvres (1920), which had left the Ottoman government in control of substantially less of Anatolia than modern Turkey controls.
This chronology of the Turkish War of Independence (also known as Turkish war of liberation) is a timeline of events during the Turkish War of Independence (1919–1923). The timeline also includes the background events starting with the end of the First World War. The events are classified according to the campaigns and parties involved.
The Sivas Congress (Turkish: Sivas Kongresi) was an assembly of the Turkish National Movement held for one week from 4 to 11 September 1919 in the city of Sivas, [1] in central-eastern Turkey, which united delegates from all Anatolian provinces of the Ottoman Empire, [2] defunct at the time in practical terms.
During the Turkish War of Independence the United Kingdom sought to undermine and contain the Turkish National Movement.London hoped the defeated Ottoman Empire would play a subservient role in its new Middle Eastern order drawn up over several diplomatic agreements during World War I, culminating with the Treaty of Sèvres.
The United States reportedly helped the Entente during the Turkish War of Independence; American aid included but wasn't limited to logistical support. USS Arizona and 3 other American warships provided protection to the Greeks during the Greek landing at Smyrna . [ 4 ]
On July 16, two Turkish planes were downed and their pilots were killed by the Kurds. [50] Aerial bombardment continued for several days and forced Kurds to withdraw to the height of 5,000 meters. By July 21, bombardment had destroyed many Kurdish forts. During these operations, Turkish military mobilized 66,000 soldiers and 100 aircraft. [51]