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A sample of seawater from most locations with a chlorinity of 19.37 ppt will have a Knudsen salinity of 35.00 ppt, a PSS-78 practical salinity of about 35.0, and a TEOS-10 absolute salinity of about 35.2 g/kg. The electrical conductivity of this water at a temperature of 15 °C is 42.9 mS/cm. [6] [12]
The salinity in isolated bodies of water can be considerably greater still – about ten times higher in the case of the Dead Sea. Historically, several salinity scales were used to approximate the absolute salinity of seawater. A popular scale was the "Practical Salinity Scale" where salinity was measured in "practical salinity units (PSU)".
The "practical salinity unit" is effectively not motivated in the article since it completely lacks any reference to physical salinity. The statement "It is not the case that a salinity of 35 exactly equals 35 grams of salt per liter of solution." only says that PSU is not equal to grams per liter.
The handling of salinity was one of the novelties in TEOS-10. It defines the relationship between Reference Salinity and Practical Salinity, Chlorinity or Absolute Salinity and accounts for the different chemical compositions by adding a regionally variable 𝛿SA (see Figure). [7]
The tables below present an example of an artificial seawater (35.00‰ of salinity) preparation devised by Kester, Duedall, Connors and Pytkowicz (1967). [1] The recipe consists of two lists of mineral salts, the first of anhydrous salts that can be weighed out, the second of hydrous salts that should be added to the artificial seawater as a solution.
This is a list of bodies of water by salinity that is limited to natural bodies of water that have a stable salinity above 0.05%, at or below which water is considered fresh. Water salinity often varies by location and season, particularly with hypersaline lakes in arid areas, so the salinity figures in the table below should be interpreted as ...
A salt or acid contaminant level exceeding even 100 parts per trillion (ppt) in otherwise ultra-pure water begins to noticeably lower its resistivity by up to several kΩ·m. [ citation needed ] In pure water, sensitive equipment can detect a very slight electrical conductivity of 0.05501 ± 0.0001 μS / cm at 25.00 °C. [ 56 ]
A salinometer. A salinometer is a device designed to measure the salinity, or dissolved salt content, of a solution.. Since the salinity affects both the electrical conductivity and the specific gravity of a solution, a salinometer often consist of an ec meter or hydrometer and some means of converting those readings to a salinity reading.