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Catechol. A catecholamine (/ ˌ k æ t ə ˈ k oʊ l ə m iː n /; abbreviated CA) is a monoamine neurotransmitter, an organic compound that has a catechol (benzene with two hydroxyl side groups next to each other) and a side-chain amine. [1] Catechol can be either a free molecule or a substituent of a larger molecule, where it represents a 1,2 ...
By 1852, Erdmann realized that catechol was benzene with two oxygen atoms added to it; in 1867, August Kekulé realized that catechol was a diol of benzene, so by 1868, catechol was listed as pyrocatechol. [7] In 1879, the Journal of the Chemical Society recommended that catechol be called "catechol", and in the following year, it was listed as ...
The following diagram is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the human nervous system: Human nervous system. Human nervous system – the part of the human body that coordinates a person's voluntary and involuntary actions and transmits signals between different parts of the body.
A dopamine molecule consists of a catechol structure (a benzene ring with two hydroxyl side groups) with one amine group attached via an ethyl chain. [14] As such, dopamine is the simplest possible catecholamine, a family that also includes the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine. [15]
l-DOPA can be directly metabolized by catechol-O-methyl transferase to 3-O-methyldopa, and then further to vanillactic acid. This metabolic pathway is nonexistent in the healthy body, but becomes important after peripheral l-DOPA administration in patients with Parkinson's disease or in the rare cases of patients with AADC enzyme deficiency. [11]
Norepinephrine degradation. Catechol-O-methyltransferase is shown in green boxes.[5] [6]Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT; EC 2.1.1.6) is one of several enzymes that degrade catecholamines (neurotransmitters such as dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine), catecholestrogens, and various drugs and substances having a catechol structure. [7]
Mammalian siderophores, specifically catechols, can be found in the human gut and in siderophores, such as enterobactin, and serve as iron-binding moieties. [ 5 ] [ 26 ] Catechol resembling molecules can act as iron ligands in the cell and in systematic circulation , allowing siderocalin to bind to the iron-catechol complex. [ 27 ]
BodyParts3D polygon data are extracted from full-body MRI images. The MRI image set that BodyParts3D is based on is called "TARO". Taro is a common given name for males in Japanese, as John is in English. TARO is a 2mm * 2mm * 2mm voxel dataset of the human male created by the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology. [4]