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Calcium channel blockers (CCB), calcium channel antagonists or calcium antagonists [2] are a group of medications that disrupt the movement of calcium (Ca 2+ ) through calcium channels . [ 3 ] Calcium channel blockers are used as antihypertensive drugs , i.e., as medications to decrease blood pressure in patients with hypertension .
The neuromuscular symptoms of hypocalcemia are caused by a positive bathmotropic effect (i.e. increased responsiveness) due to the decreased interaction of calcium with sodium channels. Since calcium blocks sodium channels and inhibits depolarization of nerve and muscle fibers, reduced calcium lowers the threshold for depolarization. [7]
Calcium channel blocker poisoning, calcium channel blocker overdose: A 20% lipid emulsion commonly used for calcium channel blocker toxicity: Specialty: Emergency medicine: Symptoms: Slow heart rate, low blood pressure, nausea, vomiting, sleepiness [1] [2] Complications: Cardiac arrest [2] Usual onset: Within 6 hours [2] Causes: Too much ...
Antihypertensive agents comprise multiple classes of compounds that are intended to manage hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy aims to maintain a blood pressure goal of <140/90 mmHg in all patients, as well as to prevent the progression or recurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in hypertensive patients with established CVD. [2]
It can be used as either monotherapy or combination therapy for the management of hypertension or coronary artery disease. Amlodipine can be administered to adults and to children 6–17 years of age. [7] Calcium channel blockers, including amlodipine, may provide greater protection against stroke than beta blockers.
Efonidipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker marketed by Shionogi & Co. of Japan. It was launched in 1995, under the brand name Landel (ランデル). The drug blocks both T-type and L-type calcium channels. [1] Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) has approved the use of efonidipine in India. [2]
They are used in the treatment of hypertension. [2] Compared with certain other L-type calcium channel blockers (for example those of the phenylalkylamine class such as verapamil) that have significant action at the heart, the dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers lower blood pressure mainly by relaxing the smooth muscle of the blood vessel ...
Hypotension, also known as low blood pressure, is a cardiovascular condition characterized by abnormally reduced blood pressure. [1] Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps out blood [2] and is indicated by two numbers, the systolic blood pressure (the top number) and the diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number), which are the ...
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