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The vagus nerve. Polyvagal theory (PVT) is a collection of proposed evolutionary, neuroscientific, and psychological constructs pertaining to the role of the vagus nerve in emotion regulation, social connection and fear response. The theory was introduced in 1994 by Stephen Porges. [1]
The polyvagal theory by Porges is an influential model of how the vagal pathways respond to novelty and to stressful external stimuli. [30] [31] [32] The theory proposes that there are two vagal systems, one that is shared with reptiles and amphibia and a second, more recent, system that is unique to mammals. The two pathways behave differently ...
Stephen W. Porges (born 1945) is an American psychologist.He is the Professor of Psychiatry at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. [1] Porges is also currently Director of the Kinsey Institute Traumatic Stress Research Consortium at Indiana University Bloomington, [2] which studies trauma.
Vagus nerve stimulation can also increase the release of important brain chemicals such as serotonin and norepinephrine, which help regulate mood and are typically low in people with depression ...
It would be placed in his ear and attached to a device that would send electrical signals to his vagus nerve, which carries signals between the brain, heart and digestive system.
The vagus nerve is part of the parasympathetic nervous system, often called the “rest and digest” system because it helps the body relax after periods of stress and regulates bodily functions ...
The vagus nerve is also responsible for regulating inflammation in the body, via the inflammatory reflex. [7] Efferent vagus nerve fibers innervating the pharynx and back of the throat are responsible for the gag reflex. In addition, 5-HT 3 receptor-mediated afferent vagus stimulation in the gut due to gastroenteritis is a cause of vomiting. [8]
Prior to the development of DRT, existing theories of PTSD fell into two camps: social-cognitive theories and information-processing theories. [1] Social-cognitive theories (e.g. Horowitz's stress-response theory, [4] Janoff-Bulman's shattered assumptions theory) focused on the affected individual's assumptions about the world and the emotional and cognitive impact of the trauma on these ...