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The Supreme Court of the United States was established by the Constitution of the United States.Originally, the Judiciary Act of 1789 set the number of justices at six. . However, as the nation's boundaries grew across the continent and as Supreme Court justices in those days had to ride the circuit, an arduous process requiring long travel on horseback or carriage over harsh terrain that ...
As the first president, George Washington appointed the entire federal judiciary. His record of eleven Supreme Court appointments still stands. Ronald Reagan appointed 383 federal judges, more than any other president. Following is a list indicating the number of Article III federal judicial appointments made by each president of the United ...
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, 1941–1942 Salmon P. Chase: Secretary of the Treasury, 1861–1864: Senator, Ohio, 1849–1855; 1861: Chief Justice of the United States, 1864–1873 Henry D. Clayton Jr. United States Attorney, Middle District of Alabama, 1893–1896: Representative, Alabama, 1897–1914
Since the Supreme Court was established in 1789, 116 people have served on the Court. The length of service on the Court for the 107 non-incumbent justices ranges from William O. Douglas's 36 years, 209 days to John Rutledge's 1 year, 18 days as associate justice and, separated by a period of years off the Court, his 138 days as chief justice.
The longest serving chief justice was John Marshall, with a tenure of 12,570 days (34 years, 152 days). John Rutledge, who served on the court twice, was both the shortest serving associate justice, with a tenure of 383 days (1 year, 18 days), and the shortest serving chief justice, with a tenure of 138 days (4 months 16
Chief Senior; 66 Chief Judge Debra Ann Livingston: New York, NY: 1959 2007–present 2020–present — G.W. Bush: 69 Circuit Judge Raymond Lohier: New York, NY: 1965 2010–present — — Obama: 72 Circuit Judge Richard J. Sullivan: New York, NY: 1964 2018–present — — Trump: 73 Circuit Judge Joseph F. Bianco: Central Islip, NY: 1966 ...
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To be chief, a judge must have been in active service on the court for at least one year, be under the age of 65, and have not previously served as chief judge. A vacancy is filled by the judge highest in seniority among the group of qualified judges. The chief judge serves for a term of seven years, or until age 70, whichever occurs first.