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Allopurinol is a medication used to decrease high blood uric acid levels. [5] It is specifically used to prevent gout, prevent specific types of kidney stones and for the high uric acid levels that can occur with chemotherapy. [6] [7] It is taken orally (by mouth) or intravenously (injected into a vein). [7]
Lesinurad reduces blood uric acid levels by preventing uric acid absorption in the kidneys. [85] It was approved in the United States for use together with allopurinol, among those who were unable to reach their uric acid level targets. [86] Side effects include kidney problems and kidney stones. [85] [87]
The presence of uric acid crystals in joint tissue is what leads to the inflammation and pain associated with gout. ... allopurinol is the first-line medication for lowering uric acid levels ...
Uric acid is a heterocyclic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen with the formula C 5 H 4 N 4 O 3. ... Allopurinol, which weakly inhibits xanthine ...
A xanthine oxidase inhibitor is any substance that inhibits the activity of xanthine oxidase, an enzyme involved in purine metabolism.In humans, inhibition of xanthine oxidase reduces the production of uric acid, and several medications that inhibit xanthine oxidase are indicated for treatment of hyperuricemia and related medical conditions including gout. [1]
Because xanthine oxidase is a metabolic pathway for uric acid formation, the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol is used in the treatment of gout. Since xanthine oxidase is involved in the metabolism of 6-mercaptopurine, caution should be taken before administering allopurinol and 6-mercaptopurine, or its prodrug azathioprine, in conjunction.
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