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The guidelines stipulate that PM 2.5 should not exceed 5 μg/m 3 annual mean, or 15 μg/m 3 24-hour mean; and that PM 10 should not exceed 15 μg/m 3 annual mean, or 45 μg/m 3 24-hour mean. [2] For ozone (O 3), the guidelines suggest values no higher than 100 μg/m 3 for an 8-hour mean and 60 μg/m 3 peak season mean. [2]
Particulate matter (PM), particularly PM2.5, was found to be harmful to aquatic invertebrates. [41] These aquatic invertebrates include fish, crustaceans, and Mollusca. In a study by Han et al, the effects of PM<2.5 micrometers on life history traits and oxidative stress were observed in Tigriopus japonicus.
The World Health Organization (WHO) provides guidelines to limit exposure: [166] PM 10: Annual mean not to exceed 15 μg/m³; 24-hour mean not to exceed 45 μg/m³. [166] PM 2.5: Annual mean not to exceed 5 μg/m³; 24-hour mean not to exceed 15 μg/m³. [166] Exposure above these levels increases the risk of adverse health effects. [166]
The AQI measures air quality based on five major pollutants that the Clean Air Act regulates: ozone, particle pollution (AKA particulate matter or PM2.5), carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and ...
The World Health Organization's recommended limit is 5 micrograms per cubic meter, although there are also various national guideline values, which are often much higher. Air pollution is among the biggest health problems of modern industrial society and is responsible for more than 10 percent of all deaths worldwide (nearly 4.5 million ...
The highest AQI in India was recorded in New Delhi on 18th November 2024 with it being 1,081 and the concentration of PM2.5 - particulate matter measuring 2.5 microns or less in diameter that can be carried into lungs, causing deadly diseases and cardiac issues. Expected to soar even higher later or next year.
Live readings for Lahore showed that the city’s fine particulate air pollution, or PM2.5 concentration, was over 100 times the World Health Organisation’s annual air quality guideline ...
For example, the World Health Organization (WHO) has published health-based global air quality guidelines for the general population that are applicable both to outdoor and indoor air, [29] as well as the WHO IAQ guidelines for selected compounds, [113] whereas the UK Health Security Agency published IAQ guidelines for selected VOCs. [114]