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Toxopneustes pileolus, commonly known as the flower urchin, is a widespread and commonly encountered species of sea urchin from the Indo-West Pacific.It is considered highly dangerous, as it is capable of delivering extremely painful and medically significant stings when touched.
They are known to possess medically significant venom to humans on their pedicellariae (tiny claw-like structures). They are sometimes collectively known as flower urchins , after the most widespread and most commonly encountered species in the genus, the flower urchin ( Toxopneustes pileolus ).
Berne Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (Bern/Berne Convention; also acceded by several non-CoE member states); European Convention for the Protection of Animals during International Transport (original 1968 animal transport convention & revised 2003 animal transport convention)
The Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare (UDAW) is a proposed inter-governmental agreement to recognise that animals are sentient, to prevent cruelty and reduce suffering, and to promote standards on the welfare of animals such as farm animals, companion animals, animals in scientific research, draught animals, wildlife and animals in recreation. [1]
Animal rights vary greatly among countries and territories. Such laws range from the legal recognition of non-human animal sentience to the absolute lack of any anti-cruelty laws, with no regard for animal welfare. As of November 2019, 32 countries have formally recognized non-human animal sentience.
Toxopneustes roseus is similar in appearance to the more widespread flower urchin, Toxopneustes pileolus. It can be distinguished by having a rigid "shell" ( test ) that is a solid pink, red, or purple in color, in contrast to the variegated coloration of the test of Toxopneustes pileolus .
Animal ethics is a branch of ethics which examines human-animal relationships, the moral consideration of animals and how nonhuman animals ought to be treated. The subject matter includes animal rights, animal welfare, animal law, speciesism, animal cognition, wildlife conservation, wild animal suffering, [1] the moral status of nonhuman animals, the concept of nonhuman personhood, human ...
Outside of primates, animal-rights discussions most often address the status of mammals (compare charismatic megafauna). Other animals (considered less sentient) have gained less attention—insects relatively little [10] (outside Jainism) and animal-like bacteria hardly any. [11] The vast majority of animals have no legally recognised rights. [12]