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Biblical patriarchy is similar to complementarianism, and many of their differences are only ones of degree and emphasis. [10] While complementarianism holds to exclusively male leadership in the church and in the home, biblical patriarchy extends that exclusion to the civic sphere as well, so that women should not be civil leaders [11] and indeed should not have careers outside the home. [12]
The verse literally translates to "There is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus". [2] David Scholer, New Testament scholar at Fuller Theological Seminary, believes that the passage is "the fundamental Pauline theological basis for the inclusion of women and men as equal and mutual partners in all of the ministries of the church."
Christian egalitarianism refers to a biblically-based belief that gender, in and of itself, neither privileges nor curtails a believer's gifting or calling to any ministry in the church or home. It does not imply that women and men are identical or undifferentiated, but argues that God designed men and women to complement and benefit one another.
The word gibborim is used in the Tanakh over 150 times and applied to men as well as lions (Proverbs 30:30), hunters (Genesis 10:9), soldiers (Jeremiah 51:30) and leaders (Daniel 11:3). The word is also applied to David's Mighty Warriors , a group of 37 men who fought with King David in 2 Samuel 23 :8–38.
It was cited frequently by those who wished to condemn women or believed them inferior to men. [9] Ambrosiaster and 1 Timothy 2:12 were cited by John Knox in The First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstruous Regiment of Women, a 1558 book attacking the idea of rule by queens and women in leadership on biblical grounds. [10]
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Biblical hermeneutics is the study of the principles of interpretation concerning the books of the Bible.It is part of the broader field of hermeneutics, which involves the study of principles of interpretation, both theory and methodology, for all forms of communication, nonverbal and verbal. [1]
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