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Currently, pharmacists do not have the authority to prescribe medications independently as in some other countries. The Spanish General Council of Official Colleges of Pharmacists supports expanding the role of pharmacists to include prescribing certain medications, particularly for minor ailments and chronic conditions.
Veterinarians and dentists have prescribing power in all 50 US states and the District of Columbia. Clinical pharmacists are allowed to prescribe in some US states through the use of a drug formulary or collaboration agreements. Florida pharmacists can write prescriptions for a limited set of drugs. [15]
In 1993, New Mexico passed the Pharmacist Prescriptive Authority Act (PPAC), recognizing advanced practice pharmacist which is officially designated as "Pharmacist Clinician", or Ph.C. [43] Regulation of Pharmacist Clinician is found in New Mexico State Board of Pharmacy section 16.19.4.17 titled Pharmacist Clinician. [44]
Arizona is the latest state to enable pharmacists to prescribe birth control. Since 2016, 29 states and Washington, D.C. have passed such laws.
In some states in the USA, clinical pharmacists are given prescriptive authority under protocol with a medical provider, and their scope of practice is constantly evolving. [12] [13] In the United Kingdom clinical pharmacists are given independent prescriptive authority. [14]
In some jurisdictions, pharmacists have prescriptive authority to either independently prescribe under their own authority or in collaboration with a primary care physician through an agreed upon protocol called a collaborative practice agreement. [5]
In some states, such as North Carolina and New Mexico, these pharmacist clinicians are given collaborative prescriptive and diagnostic authority. [24] In 2011 the board of Pharmaceutical Specialties approved ambulatory care pharmacy practice as a separate board certification.
National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that assists member boards of pharmacy for the purpose of protecting public health. [3] It has 54 active members and 12 associate members. [6] Active member boards include all 50 United States, the District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands.