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The well-fitting surfaces of the femoral head and acetabulum, which face each other, are lined with a layer of slippery tissue called articular cartilage, which is lubricated by a thin film of synovial fluid. Friction inside a normal hip is less than one-tenth that of ice gliding on ice.
The acetabular labrum (glenoidal labrum of the hip joint or cotyloid ligament in older texts) is a fibrocartilaginous ring [1] [2] [3] which surrounds the circumference of the acetabulum of the hip, deepening the acetabulum. The labrum is attached onto the bony rim and transverse acetabular ligament. It is triangular in cross-section (with the ...
It forms an incomplete ring that is deficient inferiorly - opposite the acetabular notch. The lunate surface surrounds the central, non-articular depression - the acetabular fossa - which does not make contact with the femoral head in the articulated hip joint. [1] Its surface consists of articular cartilage.
It occurs when the ball shaped femoral head contacts the acetabulum abnormally or does not permit a normal range of motion in the acetabular socket. [3] Damage can occur to the articular cartilage, or labral cartilage (soft tissue, ring-shaped bumper of the socket), or both. [4] The condition may be symptomatic or asymptomatic.
It is coated with cartilage in the fresh state, except over an ovoid depression, the fovea capitis, which is situated a little below and behind the center of the femoral head, and gives attachment to the ligament of head of femur. The thickest region of the articular cartilage is at the centre of the femoral head, measuring up to 2.8 mm. [1]
In the United States acetabular labrum tears usually occur in the anterior or anterior-superior area, possibly due to a sudden change from labrum to acetabular cartilage. [2] The most common labrum tears in Japan are in the posterior region, likely due to the customary practice of sitting on the floor.
The articular cartilage angle (AC angle, also called acetabular index [17] or Hilgenreiner angle) is an angle formed parallel to the weight bearing dome, that is, the acetabular sourcil or "roof", [18] and the horizontal plane, [15] or a line connecting the corner of the triangular cartilage and the lateral acetabular rim. [19]
The triradiate cartilage (in Latin cartilago ypsiloformis) is the Y-shaped epiphyseal plate between the ilium, ischium and pubis to form the acetabulum of the os coxae. Human development [ edit ]