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At the Potsdam Conference (17 July to 2 August 1945), after Germany's unconditional surrender on 8 May 1945, [8] the Allies officially divided Germany into the four military occupation zones — France in the southwest, the United Kingdom in the northwest, the United States in the south, and the Soviet Union in the east, bounded on the east by ...
The Potsdam Agreement on 2 August 1945 defined the new eastern German border by giving Poland and the Soviet Union all regions of Germany east of the Oder–Neisse line (eastern parts of Pomerania, Neumark, Posen-West Prussia, East-Prussia and most of Silesia) and divided the remaining "Germany as a whole" into four occupation zones, each ...
The legal status of Germany concerns the question of the extinction, or otherwise continuation, of the German nation-state (i.e. the German Reich created in the 1871 unification) following the rise and downfall of Nazi Germany, and constitutional hiatus of the military occupation of Germany by the four Allied powers from 1945 to 1949.
In 1948, the Deutsche Mark replaces the almost worthless Reichsmark in the Allied western occupation zones, initiating the start of economic recovery in western Germany. [6] In 1949, West Germany is formed from the Western occupation zones, with the exception of the Saarland. In 1949, the Marshall Plan is extended to include West Germany.
West Germany and East Germany (1949 [a] –1990) Germany (1990–present). German reunification (German: Deutsche Wiedervereinigung) was the process of re-establishing Germany as a single sovereign state, which began on 9 November 1989 and culminated on 3 October 1990 with the dissolution of the German Democratic Republic and the integration of its re-established constituent federated states ...
The history of the nation state known as the German Reich is commonly divided into three periods: German Empire (1871–1918) Weimar Republic (1918–1933) Nazi Germany (1933–1945) German Empire (1871-1918) Weimar Republic (1919-1933) German Reich in the 1943. However the term Deutsches Reich dates back earlier than all of this.
All four occupation powers reorganised the territories by recreating the Länder (states), the constituting parts of federal Germany. The state of Prussia, whose provinces extended to all four zones and covered two thirds of Germany, was abolished in 1947. [1] Special conditions were assigned to Berlin, which the four powers divided into four ...
[183] [c] [185] [186] Luther's translation of the Bible into High German (the New Testament was published in 1522; the Old Testament was published in parts and completed in 1534) was a decisive impulse for the increase of literacy in early modern Germany, [181] and stimulated printing and distribution of religious books and pamphlets. From 1517 ...