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The first working version that was widely deployed was assigned version number 4. [10] A separate protocol based on reliable connections was developed and assigned version 5. IP version 7 was chosen in 1988 by R. Ullmann as the next IP version because he incorrectly assumed that version 6 was in use for ST-II.
A subnetwork, or subnet, is a logical subdivision of an IP network. [ 1 ] : 1, 16 The practice of dividing a network into two or more networks is called subnetting . Computers that belong to the same subnet are addressed with an identical group of its most-significant bits of their IP addresses .
A wildcard mask is a mask of bits that indicates which parts of an IP address are available for examination. In the Cisco IOS, [1] they are used in several places, for example: To indicate the size of a network or subnet for some routing protocols, such as OSPF. To indicate what IP addresses should be permitted or denied in access control lists ...
The term subnet mask is only used within IPv4. Both IP versions however use the CIDR concept and notation. In this, the IP address is followed by a slash and the number (in decimal) of bits used for the network part, also called the routing prefix. For example, an IPv4 address and its subnet mask may be 192.0.2.1 and 255.255.255.0, respectively.
IP-in-IP IP in IP (encapsulation) RFC 2003: 0x05 5 ST Internet Stream Protocol: RFC 1190, RFC 1819: 0x06 6 TCP Transmission Control Protocol: RFC 793: 0x07 7 CBT Core-based trees: RFC 2189: 0x08 8 EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol: RFC 888: 0x09 9 IGP Interior gateway protocol (any private interior gateway, for example Cisco's IGRP) 0x0A 10 BBN-RCC-MON
A subnet mask encodes the same information as a prefix length but predates the advent of CIDR. In CIDR notation, the prefix bits are always contiguous. Subnet masks were allowed by RFC 950 [6] to specify non-contiguous bits until RFC 4632 [5]: Section 5.1 stated that the mask must be left contiguous. Given this constraint, a subnet mask and ...
It proposes the first version of the IP header, using 0 for the version field. IEN 26 A Proposed New Internet Header Format (February 1978) describes a version of the IP header that uses a 1-bit version field. IEN 28 Draft Internetwork Protocol Description Version 2 (February 1978) describes IPv2.
The IPv6 subnet size is standardized by fixing the size of the host identifier portion of an address to 64 bits. The addressing architecture of IPv6 is defined in RFC 4291 and allows three different types of transmission: unicast, anycast and multicast. [5]: 210