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  2. Pascal's wager - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal's_wager

    Ecumenical interpretations of the wager [34] argues that it could even be suggested that believing in a generic God, or a god by the wrong name, is acceptable so long as that conception of God has similar essential characteristics of the conception of God considered in Pascal's wager (perhaps the God of Aristotle). Proponents of this line of ...

  3. Religious views on the self - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_views_on_the_self

    Catholic mystic Evelyn Underhill [5] wrote: . It is clear that under ordinary conditions, and save for sudden gusts of "Transcendental Feeling" induced by some saving madness such as Religion, Art, or Love, the superficial self knows nothing of the attitude of this silent watcher—this "Dweller in the Innermost"—towards the incoming messages of the external world: nor of the activities ...

  4. Existentialism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existentialism

    Existentialism is a family of philosophical views and inquiry that prioritize the existence of the human individual, study existence from the individual's perspective, and conclude that, despite the absurdity or incomprehensibility of the universe, individuals must still embrace responsibility for their actions and strive to lead authentic lives.

  5. [16] In a letter to Beatrice Frohlich on 17 December 1952, Einstein stated, "The idea of a personal God is quite alien to me and seems even naïve." [17] Prompted by his colleague L. E. J. Brouwer, Einstein read the philosopher Eric Gutkind's book Choose Life, [18] a discussion of the relationship between Jewish revelation and the modern world ...

  6. Higher consciousness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higher_consciousness

    [8] [9] In Schleirmacher's theology, self-consciousness contains "a feeling that points to the presence of an absolute other, God, as actively independent of the self and its 'world'." [ 10 ] For Schleiermacher, "all particular manifestations of piety share a common essence, the sense of dependency on God as the outside 'infinite'."

  7. Human nature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_nature

    As originally created, the Bible describes "two elements" in human nature: "the body and the breath or spirit of life breathed into it by God". By this was created a "living soul", meaning a "living person". [46] According to Genesis 1:27, this living person was made in the "image of God". [47]

  8. Solipsism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solipsism

    Solipsism (/ ˈ s ɒ l ɪ p s ɪ z əm / ⓘ SOLL-ip-siz-əm; from Latin solus 'alone' and ipse 'self') [1] is the philosophical idea that only one's mind is sure to exist. As an epistemological position, solipsism holds that knowledge of anything outside one's own mind is unsure; the external world and other minds cannot be known and might not exist outside the mind.

  9. Argument from desire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument_from_desire

    The most prominent recent defender of the argument from desire is the well-known Christian apologist C. S. Lewis (1898–1963). Lewis offers slightly different forms of the argument in works such as Mere Christianity (1952), The Pilgrim's Regress (1933; 3rd ed., 1943), Surprised by Joy (1955), and "The Weight of Glory" (1940).