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Local anesthetic injections are given in specific areas of the mouth, rather than the whole body. Although several different medications are available, the most commonly used local anesthetic to prevent pain in the area around a tooth is lidocaine (also called xylocaine or lignocaine). Lidocaine's half-life in the body is about 1.5–2 hours. [2]
Many local anesthetics fall into two general chemical classes, amino esters (top) and amino amides (bottom). A local anesthetic (LA) is a medication that causes absence of all sensation (including pain) in a specific body part without loss of consciousness, [1] providing local anesthesia, as opposed to a general anesthetic, which eliminates all sensation in the entire body and causes ...
Lidocaine is an antiarrhythmic medication of the class Ib type. [7] This means it works by blocking sodium channels thus decreasing the rate of contractions of the heart. [10] [7] When injected near nerves, the nerves cannot conduct signals to or from the brain. [8] Lidocaine was discovered in 1946 and went on sale in 1948. [11]
Articaine has been found to be 3.81 times more likely than lidocaine to produce successful anaesthesia when used for infiltration injections. However, there is no evidence to support the use of articaine over lidocaine for inferior alveolar nerve blocks. [ 13 ]
Chloroprocaine (trade name Nesacaine, Nesacaine-MPF) (often in the hydrochloride salt form as the aforementioned trade names) is a local anesthetic given by injection during surgical procedures and labor and delivery. Chloroprocaine vasodilates; this is in contrast to cocaine which vasoconstricts. Chloroprocaine is an ester anesthetic. [3]
Lidocaine “might be useful for reducing patient pain” when injected as a local anesthetic or applied topically as a numbing gel, cream or spray, the CDC said in the update, the first since 2016.
Topical anesthesia (surface) - Similar to topical gel numbing before getting injected with Lidocaine. Infiltration; Plexus block; Adverse effects depend on the local anesthetic method and site of administration discussed in depth in the local anesthetic sub-article, but overall, adverse effects can be:
A 2024 study published in Anesthesiology showed that lidocaine cream could help with neck pain, particularly muscle-related pain. According to researchers, this is because the cream easily reaches ...
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