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Platinum was proposed by Sir William Siemens as an element for a resistance temperature detector at the Bakerian lecture in 1871: [2] it is a noble metal and has the most stable resistance–temperature relationship over the largest temperature range.
The Callendar–Van Dusen equation is an equation that describes the relationship between resistance (R) and temperature (T) of platinum resistance thermometers (RTD). As commonly used for commercial applications of RTD thermometers, the relationship between resistance and temperature is given by the following equations.
Vapor pressure–temperature relationship fixed by a specified function. [10] 3 24.5561 1 Helium gas thermometer: Calibrated at three fixed points in this range and interpolated in a specified way. [11] 13.8033 1234.93 11 Platinum resistance thermometer: Resistance calibrated at various fixed points and interpolated in a specified way.
(room temperature) (alpha, polycrystalline) calculated 562 nΩm CRC (10 −8 Ωm) ... 78 Pt platinum; use 19.22 nΩm 96 nΩm 105 nΩm 107 nΩm 108 nΩm
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Platinum has excellent resistance to corrosion. Bulk platinum does not oxidize in air at any temperature, but it forms a thin surface film of PtO 2 that can be easily removed by heating to about 400 °C. [17] [18] The most common oxidation states of platinum are +2 and +4. The +1 and +3 oxidation states are less common, and are often stabilized ...
Werner von Siemens was the first to propose the use of a platinum resistance temperature detector in 1860, although his instrument readings were unstable. [2] Callendar developed an equation for the resistance of metal as a function of temperature, which was accurate to within 1% from 0-600 °C. [2]
Empirical temperature scales are not reflective of the fundamental, microscopic laws of matter. Temperature is a universal attribute of matter, yet empirical scales map a narrow range onto a scale that is known to have a useful functional form for a particular application. Thus, their range is limited.