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It is composed of a central pulp chamber, pulp horns, and radicular canals. The large mass of the pulp is contained within the pulp chamber, which is contained in and mimics the overall shape of the crown of the tooth. [2] Because of the continuous deposition of the dentine, the pulp chamber becomes smaller with the age. This is not uniform ...
This tissue contains blood vessels and nerves that enter the tooth from a hole at the apex of the root. [23] Along the border between the dentin and the pulp are odontoblasts, which initiate the formation of dentin. [16] Other cells in the pulp include fibroblasts, preodontoblasts, macrophages and T lymphocytes. [24]
A root canal is the naturally occurring anatomic space within the root of a tooth.It consists of the pulp chamber (within the coronal part of the tooth), the main canal(s), and more intricate anatomical branches that may connect the root canals to each other or to the surface of the root.
In tooth gemination, the pulp chambers and root canals tend to be joined, unlike in tooth fusion where they tend to be separate. However, the degree of separation will depend on the stage of tooth development when the gemination occurred, so the pulp chamber and/or root canal may or may not be involved. [1]
Underneath the cementum and enamel layers, dentin forms the bulk of the tooth and surrounds the pulp system. The part of the pulp inside the crown is the pulp chamber, and the central soft tissue nutrient canals within each root are root canals, exiting through one or more holes at the root end (apical foramen/foramina).
Unlike cartilage and bone, as well as cementum, the odontoblast's cell body does not become entrapped in the product; rather, one long, cytoplasmic attached extension remains behind in the formed dentin. [2] The differentiation of the odontoblast is done by signaling molecules and growth factors in the cells of the inner enamel epithelium. [1]
Diameter of canaliculi in human bone is approximately 200 to 900 nm. [1] In bovine tibia diameter of canaliculi was found to vary from 155 to 844 nm (average 426 nm). [ 2 ] In mice humeri it varies from 80 to 710 nm (average 259 nm), while diameter of osteocytic processes varies from 50 to 410 nm (average 104 nm).
Laser Doppler flowmetry is able to assess blood flow within the dental pulp directly. A laser beam directed onto the tooth follows the path of dentinal tubules to the pulp. [19] The viability of the vascular supply of the pulp is determined by the output signal generated by the backscattered reflected light from circulating blood cells. [20]