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There is an epinephrine metered-dose inhaler sold over the counter in the United States to relieve bronchial asthma. [67] [68] It was introduced in 1963 by Armstrong Pharmaceuticals. [69] A common concentration for epinephrine is 2.25% w/v epinephrine in solution, which contains 22.5 mg/mL, while a 1% solution is typically used for aerosolization.
An epinephrine autoinjector (or adrenaline autoinjector, also known by the trademark EpiPen) is a medical device for injecting a measured dose or doses of epinephrine (adrenaline) by means of autoinjector technology. It is most often used for the treatment of anaphylaxis. The first epinephrine autoinjector was brought to market in 1983.
Since the effects of epinephrine last up to 30 minutes, experts note that most of these side effects will subside during that time. The nasal spray will officially hit the market in eight weeks.
The rate of systemic absorption of bupivacaine and other local anesthetics is dependent upon the dose and concentration of drug administered, the route of administration, the vascularity of the administration site, and the presence or absence of epinephrine in the preparation. [29] Onset of action (route and dose-dependent): 1–17 min
The US Food and Drug Administration approved the first nasal spray epinephrine drug for severe allergic reactions known as anaphylaxis, providing a needle-free alternative to EpiPens and similar ...
Side effects of dipivefrine include local eye reactions among others. Dipivefrine is a prodrug of epinephrine (adrenaline) and hence acts as a non-selective adrenergic receptor agonist. [5] It is a substituted phenethylamine and catecholamine and is an ester of epinephrine with much greater fat solubility. [6] [7] [8] Dipivefrine was first ...
In the movie Pulp Fiction, an intracardiac injection of epinephrine is used to treat a heroin overdose (far from the normal medical treatment for this condition, which would be an intravenous or intramuscular injection of naloxone).
Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone and medication [10] [11] which is involved in regulating visceral functions (e.g., respiration). [ 10 ] [ 12 ] It appears as a white microcrystalline granule. [ 13 ]