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  2. Van Wijngaarden grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Wijngaarden_grammar

    In computer science, a Van Wijngaarden grammar (also vW-grammar or W-grammar [1]) is a formalism for defining formal languages. The name derives from the formalism invented by Adriaan van Wijngaarden [2] for the purpose of defining the ALGOL 68 programming language. The resulting specification [3] remains its most notable application.

  3. Agreement (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agreement_(linguistics)

    This is because English grammar requires that the verb and its subject agree in person. The pronouns I and he are first and third person respectively, as are the verb forms am and is. The verb form must be selected so that it has the same person as the subject in contrast to notional agreement, which is based on meaning. [2] [3]

  4. Definite clause grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Definite_clause_grammar

    A definite clause grammar (DCG) is a way of expressing grammar, either for natural or formal languages, in a logic programming language such as Prolog.It is closely related to the concept of attribute grammars / affix grammars.

  5. Syntax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntax

    In linguistics, syntax (/ ˈ s ɪ n t æ k s / SIN-taks) [1] [2] is the study of how words and morphemes combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences.Central concerns of syntax include word order, grammatical relations, hierarchical sentence structure (constituency), [3] agreement, the nature of crosslinguistic variation, and the relationship between form and meaning ().

  6. Subject (grammar) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subject_(grammar)

    The object, in contrast, appears lower in the second tree, where it is a dependent of the non-finite verb. The subject remains a dependent finite verb when subject-auxiliary inversion occurs: Subjects 3. The prominence of the subject is consistently reflected in its position in the tree as an immediate dependent of the root word, the finite verb.

  7. Context-free grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Context-free_grammar

    This allows natural language features such as agreement and reference, and programming language analogs such as the correct use and definition of identifiers, to be expressed in a natural way. E.g. we can now easily express that in English sentences, the subject and verb must agree in number. In computer science, examples of this approach ...

  8. Nominative–accusative alignment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominative–accusative...

    An intransitive verb is associated with only one argument, a subject. The different kinds of arguments are usually represented as S , A , and O . S is the sole argument of an intransitive verb, A is the subject (or most agent-like ) argument of a transitive verb, and O is the direct object (or most patient-like ) argument of a transitive verb.

  9. Computational linguistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_linguistics

    It consisted of IBM computer manuals, transcribed telephone conversations, and other texts, together containing over 4.5 million words of American English, annotated using both part-of-speech tagging and syntactic bracketing. [6] Japanese sentence corpora were analyzed and a pattern of log-normality was found in relation to sentence length. [7]