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The responsibility to protect (R2P or RtoP) is a global political commitment which was endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly at the 2005 World Summit in order to address its four key concerns to prevent genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity.
[40] [41] The border between Israel and Lebanon was at this time was nicknamed the Good Fence. Fearing loss of commercial access to the port of Beirut, in June 1976 Syria intervened in the civil war to support the Maronite dominated government, [42] and by October had 40,000 troops stationed within Lebanon. Map showing power balance in Lebanon ...
The United Nations Security Council and NATO set up the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) as a peacekeeping force to supervise the situation in Southern Lebanon. By September 2018 Israel completed 11 kilometers of a concrete Israel-Lebanon barrier on the Israeli side of the demarcation line to protect Israeli communities from ...
Shortly after the onset of the Israel–Hamas war in October 2023, Hezbollah joined the conflict, citing solidarity with Palestinians. [24] On 8 October 2023, Hezbollah started firing guided rockets and artillery shells at Israeli positions in the Shebaa Farms, which it said was in solidarity with Palestinians following the 7 October 2023 Hamas attack on Israel and beginning of Israeli bombing ...
[40] [c] Initially Israel denied involvement, [41] but in November 2024 Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu admitted Israeli responsibility. Following the explosions, Israeli Defence Minister Yoav Gallant announced a "new phase" of the war in northern Israel and Lebanon had begun. [42]
In southern Lebanon, Israel's white phosphorus bombs have destroyed over 4,500 hectares (45,000,000 m 2) of forest with economic loses being valued at US$20 million. [513] The American University of Beirut estimated use of white phosphorus has led to more than 134 forest fires as of June 2024 burning 1,500 hectares (15,000,000 m 2) of land. [337]
Prior to the incursions, Israel had conducted major attacks in Lebanon including an attack on pagers and electronic devices, [83] [84] [85] and assassination of Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah. [86] [87] Israel had also conducted a massive aerial bombing campaign throughout Lebanon, killing over 800 Lebanese people in one week in late ...
Map 1: United Nations-derived boundary map of Israel and the Israeli-occupied territories (2007, updated to 2018) The modern borders of Israel exist as the result both of past wars and of diplomatic agreements between the State of Israel and its neighbours, as well as an effect of the agreements among colonial powers ruling in the region before Israel's creation.