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Diagram showing a basidiomycete mushroom, gill structure, and spore-bearing basidia on the gill margins. A basidium (pl.: basidia) is a microscopic spore-producing structure found on the hymenophore of reproductive bodies of basidiomycete fungi. The presence of basidia is one of the main characteristic features of the group.
All basidiocarps serve as the structure on which the hymenium is produced. Basidia are found on the surface of the hymenium, and the basidia ultimately produce spores. In its simplest form, a basidiocarp consists of an undifferentiated fruiting structure with a hymenium on the surface; such a structure is characteristic of many simple jelly and club fungi.
Basidia are microscopic but they are often produced on or in multicelled large fructifications called basidiocarps or basidiomes, or fruitbodies, variously called mushrooms, puffballs, etc. Ballistic basidiospores are formed on sterigmata which are tapered spine-like projections on basidia, and are typically curved, like the horns of a bull. In ...
Basidiospores typically each contain one haploid nucleus that is the product of meiosis, and they are produced by specialized fungal cells called basidia. Typically, four basidiospores develop on appendages from each basidium, of which two are of one strain and the other two of its opposite strain. In gills under a cap of one common species ...
Catenulate, septate basidia of Sirobasidium brefeldianum. The basidia are "tremelloid" (globose to ellipsoid or fusiform and vertically or diagonally septate) and catenulate (formed in chains), giving rise to fusiform sterigmata or epibasidia which detach from the basidia and then produce basidiospores.
The microscopic characters are typical of the genus Exidia. The basidia are ellipsoid, septate, 11 to 16 by 8.5 to 11 μm. The spores are weakly allantoid (sausage-shaped), 9 to 15 by 3 to 5 μm. [1] Exidia candida var. cartilaginea
In 1927, George Willard Martin examined the microscopic features of various members of the family Nidulariaceae, including Cyathus olla. [3] He noted that in this species, the basidia—spore-bearing cells—are club-shaped or cylindrical and have long stems, and they sometimes have a clamp connection at the basal end of the structure.
The basidia are four-spored, hyaline and club-shaped to cylindrical, measuring 30–47.7 by 7.3–8.2 μm. [ 22 ] Pleurocystidia are present only in the form of macrocystidia embedded and originating in the hymenium and just below it, they reach 40.3–80.0 by 5.1–9.5 μm.