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The measure of the income tax base equal to the sum of consumption and change in net worth was first advocated by German legal scholar Georg von Schanz. [3] His concept was further developed by the American economists Robert M. Haig and Henry C. Simons in the 1920s and 1930s.
A law review or law journal is a scholarly journal or publication that focuses on legal issues. [1] A law review is a type of legal periodical. [2] Law reviews are a source of research, imbedded with analyzed and referenced legal topics; they also provide a scholarly analysis of emerging legal concepts from various topics.
The plain meaning rule, also known as the literal rule, is one of three rules of statutory construction traditionally applied by English courts. [1] The other two are the "mischief rule" and the "golden rule". The plain meaning rule dictates that statutes are to be interpreted using the ordinary meaning of the language of the statute.
Used in colonial and Federal Era American cases when the defendant is listed first; e.g., "John Doe v. Richard Roe" is labeled "Richard Roe ads. John Doe." The long script "S" of the period often makes this appear as "adj." adj. — see "ad." above. Aff'd – affirmed; AG or A-G – Advocate general (European Union)
This means that the plain meaning rule (and statutory interpretation as a whole) should only be applied when there is an ambiguity. Because the meaning of words can change over time, scholars and judges typically will recommend using a dictionary to define a term that was published or written around the time the statute was enacted. Technical ...
A study led by Mayo Clinic found a “widening gap between lifespan and healthspan" among 183 countries. The lead researcher and another doctor discuss the drivers of poor health late in life.
President-elect Donald Trump over the weekend suggested the US should retake the Panama Canal, an idea that was immediately rejected by the government of Panama, which has controlled the passage ...
A former TD Bank employee based in Florida was arrested and charged with facilitating money laundering to Colombia, New Jersey's attorney general said on Wednesday, in the first such arrest since ...