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Dinosaurs are unique in showing a perforate or open acetabulum, where the full extent of the socket is a hole without infilling bone. [1] acromion The acromion is a bony ridge on the lower part of the scapula that functions in providing an attachment for the clavicle.
This is a list of stratigraphic units from which dinosaur body fossils have been recovered. Although Dinosauria is a clade which includes modern birds, this article covers only Mesozoic stratigraphic units. Units listed are all either formation rank or higher (e.g. group).
Dinosauromorpha is a clade of avemetatarsalians (archosaurs closer to birds than to crocodilians) that includes the Dinosauria (dinosaurs) and some of their close relatives. It was originally defined to include dinosauriforms and lagerpetids, [3] with later formulations specifically excluding pterosaurs from the group. [4]
Rebuilding a complete skeleton by comparing the size and morphology of bones to those of similar, better-known species is an inexact art, and reconstructing the muscles and other organs of the living animal is, at best, a process of educated guesswork. [143] Comparative size of Argentinosaurus to the average human
The closest is the Dinosaur Genera List, compiled by biological nomenclature expert George Olshevsky, which was first published online in 1995 and was regularly updated until June 2021. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The most authoritative general source in the field is the second (2004) edition of The Dinosauria .
Dinosaur classification began in 1842 when Sir Richard Owen placed Iguanodon, Megalosaurus, and Hylaeosaurus in "a distinct tribe or suborder of Saurian Reptiles, for which I would propose the name of Dinosauria." [1] In 1887 and 1888 Harry Seeley divided dinosaurs into the two orders Saurischia and Ornithischia, based on their hip structure. [2]
Stegosaurus (/ ˌ s t ɛ ɡ ə ˈ s ɔːr ə s /; [2] lit. ' roof-lizard ') is a genus of herbivorous, four-legged, armored dinosaur from the Late Jurassic, characterized by the distinctive kite-shaped upright plates along their backs and spikes on their tails.
Ankylosaurus was the largest-known ankylosaurine dinosaur and possibly the largest ankylosaurid. [12] In 2004 Carpenter estimated that the individual with the largest-known skull (specimen CMN 8880), which is 64.5 cm (2 ft 1.4 in) long and 74.5 cm (2 ft 5.3 in) wide, was about 6.25 m (20 ft 6 in) long and had a hip height of about 1.7 m (5 ft 7 ...