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Dispositional attribution (or internal attribution or personal attribution) is a phrase in personality psychology that refers to the tendency to assign responsibility for others' behaviors due to their inherent characteristics, such as their personality, beliefs, ability, or personality, instead of attributing it to external (situational) influences such as the individual's environment or ...
The attribution made (situational or dispositional) might affect a juror's punitiveness towards the defendant. [49] When jurors attribute a defendant's behavior to dispositional attributions they tend to be more punitive and are more likely find a defendant guilty [49] and to recommend a death sentence compared to a life sentence. [50]
The model explained the conditions under which people will make informed dispositional versus situational attributions. But, it assumed that people had access to such information (i.e., the consensus, consistency, and distinctiveness of a person's behavior).
Inferences can occur spontaneously if the behavior implies a situational or dispositional inference, while causal attributions occur much more slowly. [41] It has also been suggested that correspondence inferences and causal attributions are elicited by different mechanisms.
Hedonic relevance (also known as hedonistic relevance) is the tendency to attribute a behavior to dispositional factors rather than situational factors if the observed person’s behavior appears to be directly intended to benefit or harm us, or has such results. For example, Ali studied hard but still failed his maths test.
External or "situational" attributions assign causality to an outside factor, such as the weather. Internal or "dispositional" attributions assign causality to factors within the person, such as ability or personality. Cognitive dissonance – was originally based on the concept of cognitive consistency, but is now more related to self-concept ...
In contrast, situational factors usually have a stronger impact on behavior; this is the core evidence for situationism. In addition, people are also able to describe character traits of close to such as friends and family, which goes to show that there are opposing reasons showing why people can recall these traits.
This means that if the outcome of an event is consistent with the person's expectation, then they will attribute dispositional (internal) factors. On the other hand, if the outcome of the event does not match the person's expectations, they will make situational attributions by blaming their surroundings instead of themselves.