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This area may be tender, meaning it is painful when pressed. There may also be hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal joint. The thumb metacarpal deviates towards the middle of the hand (adduction). [12] Also a grinding sound, known as crepitus, can be heard when the TMC joint is moved, more so when axial pressure is applied. [13]
The typical changes seen on X-ray include: joint space narrowing, subchondral sclerosis (increased bone formation around the joint), subchondral cyst formation, and osteophytes. [54] Plain films may not correlate with the findings on physical examination or with the degree of pain.
In the temporomandibular joint, subchondral sclerosis of the mandibular condyle has been described as an early change, condylar flattening as a feature of progressive osteoarthritis, and narrowing of the temporomandibular joint space as a late stage change. [14] A joint space of between 1.5 and 4 mm is regarded as normal. [15] Ankle osteoarthritis.
The carpometacarpal (CMC) joints are five joints in the wrist that articulate the distal row of carpal bones and the proximal bases of the five metacarpal bones.. The CMC joint of the thumb or the first CMC joint, also known as the trapeziometacarpal (TMC) joint, differs significantly from the other four CMC joints and is therefore described separately.
Osteosclerosis is a disorder characterized by abnormal hardening of bone and an elevation in bone density. It may predominantly affect the medullary portion and/or cortex of bone.
Eburnation is a degenerative process of bone commonly found in patients with osteoarthritis or non-union of fractures.Friction in the joint causes the reactive conversion of the sub-chondral bone to an ivory-like surface at the site of the cartilage erosion. [1]
In a tibial plateau fracture, any disruption of the posterior and anterior cortical rims of the plateau should be sought. Impaction of subchondral bone will appear as an increased sclerosis of the subchondral bone (Figure 1). In the hip, posterior acetabular fractures also present subtle radiographic findings.
Medical condition Osteochondritis dissecans A large flap lesion in the femur head typical of late stage Osteochondritis dissecans. In this case, the lesion was caused by avascular necrosis of the bone just under the cartilage. Pronunciation / ˌ ɒ s t i. oʊ k ɒ n ˈ d r aɪ t ɪ s ˈ d ɪ s ɪ k æ n z / Specialty Orthopedic surgery Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD or OD) is a joint disorder ...