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Schizoaffective disorder is a mental disorder characterized by symptoms of both schizophrenia and a mood disorder - either bipolar disorder or depression. [4] [5] The main diagnostic criterion is the presence of psychotic symptoms for at least two weeks without prominent mood symptoms. [5]
Psychotic symptoms are often missed in psychotic depression, either because patients do not think their symptoms are abnormal or they attempt to conceal their symptoms from others. [2] On the other hand, psychotic depression may be confused with schizoaffective disorder . [ 2 ]
Psychosis is noted in Other specified schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders as a DSM-5 category. Schizoaffective disorder is diagnosed if symptoms of mood disorder are substantially present alongside psychotic symptoms. Psychosis that results from a general medical condition or substance is termed secondary psychosis.
Schizoaffective disorder includes schizophrenia symptoms, such as delusions or hallucinations, and mood disorder symptoms, such as depression or mania.
Schizoaffective disorder is diagnosed if symptoms of mood disorder are substantially present alongside psychotic symptoms. Psychotic symptoms may be present in several other mental disorders, including bipolar disorder, [37] and borderline personality disorder. [38]
Mood stabilizers are best known for the treatment of bipolar disorder, [1] preventing mood shifts to mania (or hypomania) and depression. Mood stabilizers are also used in schizoaffective disorder when it is the bipolar type. [2]
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