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In mathematics, reduction refers to the rewriting of an expression into a simpler form. For example, the process of rewriting a fraction into one with the smallest whole-number denominator possible (while keeping the numerator a whole number) is called " reducing a fraction ".
The meaning of lambda expressions is defined by how expressions can be reduced. [22] There are three kinds of reduction: α-conversion: changing bound variables; β-reduction: applying functions to their arguments; η-reduction: which captures a notion of extensionality.
Reduction system, reduction strategy, the application of rewriting systems to eliminate reducible expressions Reduced form , in statistics, an equation which relates the endogenous variable X to all the available exogenous variables, both those included in the regression of interest (W) and the instruments (Z)
Dimensionality reduction, or dimension reduction, is the transformation of data from a high-dimensional space into a low-dimensional space so that the low-dimensional representation retains some meaningful properties of the original data, ideally close to its intrinsic dimension.
Their size, and therefore thrust, is limited by heat transfer efficiency due to the surface area of the nozzle increasing slower than the volume of fuel flowing through the nozzle. A clipper needs relatively more sail surface than a sloop to reach the same speed, meaning there is a higher sail-surface-to-sail-surface ratio between these craft ...
Principal component analysis (PCA) is a linear dimensionality reduction technique with applications in exploratory data analysis, visualization and data preprocessing.. The data is linearly transformed onto a new coordinate system such that the directions (principal components) capturing the largest variation in the data can be easily identified.
Dimensional reduction is the limit of a compactified theory where the size of the compact dimension goes to zero. In physics , a theory in D spacetime dimensions can be redefined in a lower number of dimensions d , by taking all the fields to be independent of the location in the extra D − d dimensions.
The identity matrix I n of size n is the n-by-n matrix in which all the elements on the main diagonal are equal to 1 and all other elements are equal to 0, for example, = [], = [], = [] It is a square matrix of order n, and also a special kind of diagonal matrix.