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  2. Systolic heart murmur - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systolic_heart_murmur

    Systolic heart murmurs are heart murmurs heard during systole, [1] [2] [3] i.e. they begin and end between S1 and S2. Many involve stenosis of the semilunar valves or regurgitation of the atrioventricular valves .

  3. Levine scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levine_scale

    The eponym is from researcher Samuel A. Levine who studied the significance of systolic heart murmurs. [1] The grading gives a number to the intensity from 1 to 6: [2] [3] The palpable murmur is known as thrill, which can be felt on grade 4 or higher. The murmur is only audible on listening carefully for some time.

  4. Heart murmur - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_murmur

    Pulmonary valve stenosis is a crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur. One can hear it best at the left upper sternal border. It has association with a systolic ejection click that increases with inspiration. This finding results from an increased venous return to the right side of the heart. Pulmonary stenosis sometimes radiates to the left ...

  5. Heart sounds - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_sounds

    Yet, though obvious using echocardiography visualization, probably about 20% of cases of mitral regurgitation do not produce an audible murmur. [3] Stenosis of the aortic valve is typically the next most common heart murmur, a systolic ejection murmur. This is more common in older adults or in those individuals having a two-leaflet, not a three ...

  6. Mitral regurgitation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitral_regurgitation

    Mitral regurgitation, also known as mitral insufficiency or mitral incompetence, is the backward flow of blood from the left ventricle, through the mitral valve, and into the left atrium, when the left ventricle contracts, resulting in a systolic murmur radiating to the left armpit.

  7. Mitral valve prolapse - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitral_valve_prolapse

    In contrast to most other heart murmurs, the murmur of mitral valve prolapse is accentuated by standing and Valsalva maneuver (earlier systolic click and longer murmur) and diminished with squatting (later systolic click and shorter murmur). The only other heart murmur that follows this pattern is the murmur of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. An ...

  8. Aortic regurgitation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aortic_regurgitation

    Unless there is concomitant aortic valve stenosis, the murmur should not start with an ejection click. There may also be an Austin Flint murmur , [ 1 ] a soft mid-diastolic rumble heard at the apical area; it appears when a regurgitant jet of blood from severe aortic regurgitation partially closes the anterior mitral leaflet.

  9. Heart click - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_click

    Patients with mitral valve prolapse may have a mid-systolic click along with a murmur, referred to as apical late systolic murmur. [3] Early systolic clicks may also be present in some patients. [4] Aortic and pulmonary stenosis may cause an ejection click [5] immediately after S 1.

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