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In the first line of defense, inhaled bacteria are trapped by mucus and are swept toward the pharynx and are swallowed. [1] Bacteria which penetrate the mucous layer are dealt with a second line of defense which includes antimicrobial peptides that are secreted by the surface epithelium of the respiratory tract which kill many strains of ...
A two-level defense does away with the contain unit in favor of increased pressure on the offense. Two-level defenses will often use one deep safety (as deep as 28 yards at the snap) to enforce an end line on the offense, but the Bear 4-6 is a two level defense with contain handled solely by the single coverage skills of the cornerbacks. The ...
The glia limitans also acts as a second line of defense against anything that passes the blood–brain barrier. However, because the astrocytes surrounding the vessels are connected by gap junctions, it is not considered part of the BBB and material can readily pass between the foot processes.
Innate immune systems are found in all animals. [2] If pathogens successfully evade the innate response, vertebrates possess a second layer of protection, the adaptive immune system, which is activated by the innate response. [3] Here, the immune system adapts its response during an infection to improve its recognition of the pathogen.
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Fibrosis is the second line of body defences, [205] which was supposed to reduce possible hemorrhage and fight possible infection during the evolution of mammals. [49] Renal fibrosis is the result of failed kidney healing and associated with renal dysfunction, [ 206 ] but it was suggested that it might support survival of non-injured and ...
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Amos Alonzo Stagg invented the seven-box defense in 1890 at Springfield College. [2] At that time, most teams were using a nine-man line on defense, and there were only three downs and no forward passes. [3] The 7–2–2 was the base defense used by Knute Rockne at Notre Dame, [4] as well as Mike Donahue at Auburn. Into the late 1930s, the 7 ...