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  2. Membrane transport protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_transport_protein

    A membrane transport protein is a membrane protein involved in the movement of ions, small molecules, and macromolecules, such as another protein, across a biological membrane. Transport proteins are integral transmembrane proteins ; that is they exist permanently within and span the membrane across which they transport substances.

  3. Membrane transport - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_transport

    These proteins can be involved in transport in a number of ways: they act as pumps driven by ATP, that is, by metabolic energy, or as channels of facilitated diffusion. Transport of substances across the plasma membrane can be via passive transport (simple and facilitated diffusion) or active transport.

  4. Membrane protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_protein

    In 2008, 150 unique structures of membrane proteins were available, [14] and by 2019 only 50 human membrane proteins had had their structures elucidated. [13] In contrast, approximately 25% of all proteins are membrane proteins. [15] Their hydrophobic surfaces make structural and especially functional characterization difficult.

  5. Intracellular transport - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intracellular_transport

    The transport mechanism depends on the material being moved. Intracellular transport that requires quick movement will use an actin-myosin mechanism while more specialized functions require microtubules for transport. [5] Microtubules function as tracks in the intracellular transport of membrane-bound vesicles and organelles. This process is ...

  6. Transmembrane protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmembrane_protein

    Schematic representation of transmembrane proteins: 1) a single-pass membrane protein 2) a multipass membrane protein (α-helix) 3) a multipass membrane protein β-sheet. The membrane is represented in light yellow. A transmembrane protein is a type of integral membrane protein that spans the entirety of the cell membrane.

  7. Major facilitator superfamily - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_facilitator_superfamily

    The major facilitator superfamily (MFS) is a superfamily of membrane transport proteins that facilitate movement of small solutes across cell membranes in response to chemiosmotic gradients. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]

  8. Biological membrane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_membrane

    Cross-sectional view of the structures that can be formed by phospholipids in an aqueous solution. A biological membrane, biomembrane or cell membrane is a selectively permeable membrane that separates the interior of a cell from the external environment or creates intracellular compartments by serving as a boundary between one part of the cell and another.

  9. Transport protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_protein

    Research suggests that potassium, calcium and sodium channels can function as oxygen sensors in mammals and plants, [3] [4] and has correlated defects in specific carrier proteins with specific diseases. [5] A membrane transport protein (or simply transporter) is a membrane protein [6] that acts as such a carrier. A vesicular transport protein ...