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Esophageal cancer is cancer arising from the esophagus—the food pipe that runs between the throat and the stomach. [2] Symptoms often include difficulty in swallowing and weight loss. [ 1 ] Other symptoms may include pain when swallowing , a hoarse voice , enlarged lymph nodes ("glands") around the collarbone , a dry cough, and possibly ...
Gastrin is secreted by the G cells.G cells are primarily found in the pyloric antrum but can also be found in the duodenum and the pancreas. [12] The primary function of gastrin is to induce the release of hydrochloric acid (HCl) from the parietal cells located in the fundus of the stomach.
Mandibulectomy is the removal of the mandible or the lower jaw bone. Mastectomy is the surgical removal of one or both breasts. A mastectomy can be either partial or complete. Mastoidectomy is the removal of mastoid process. Maxillectomy is the removal of the maxilla or cheekbone. This can sometimes be done with orbital exenteration (removal of ...
Gastrointestinal cancer refers to malignant conditions of the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) and accessory organs of digestion, including the esophagus, stomach, biliary system, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus. The symptoms relate to the organ affected and can include obstruction (leading to difficulty swallowing ...
Head and neck cancer is a general term encompassing multiple cancers that can develop in the head and neck region. These include cancers of the mouth, tongue, gums and lips (oral cancer), voice box (), throat (nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, [1] hypopharyngeal), salivary glands, nose and sinuses.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. GISTs arise in the smooth muscle pacemaker interstitial cell of Cajal, or similar cells. [2] They are defined as tumors whose behavior is driven by mutations in the KIT gene (85%), [2] PDGFRA gene (10%), [2] or BRAF kinase (rare).
The process that occurs to form or produce a neoplasm is called neoplasia. The growth of a neoplasm is uncoordinated with that of the normal surrounding tissue, and persists in growing abnormally, even if the original trigger is removed. [3] [4] [5] This abnormal growth usually forms a mass, which may be called a tumour or tumor. [6]
Carcinoma is a malignancy that develops from epithelial cells. [1] Specifically, a carcinoma is a cancer that begins in a tissue that lines the inner or outer surfaces of the body, and that arises from cells originating in the endodermal, mesodermal [2] or ectodermal germ layer during embryogenesis.