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Pyrolysis is the process of thermal decomposition of materials at elevated temperatures, often in an inert atmosphere [1] without access to oxygen. Etymology.
Pyrolysis GC/MS chromatogram of mahogany wood analyzed with OpenChrom. Pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry is a method of chemical analysis in which the sample is heated to decomposition to produce smaller molecules that are separated by gas chromatography and detected using mass spectrometry. [1] [2]
Pyrolysis oil, sometimes also known as biocrude or bio-oil, is a synthetic fuel with few industrial application and under investigation as substitute for petroleum.It is obtained by heating dried biomass without oxygen in a reactor at a temperature of about 500 °C (900 °F) with subsequent cooling, separation from the aqueous phase and other processes.
Vacuum ovens use pyrolysis in a vacuum. [7] This method is very safe because uncontrolled combustion inside the cleaning chamber is avoided. [4] The cleaning process in this relatively new approach takes 8 [3] to 30 hours. [8] Vacuum pyrolysis is the only method that applies pyrolysis and oxidation consecutively.
It is an application of pyrolysis. The process breaks up or "cracks" large molecules. Coke, coal gas, gaseous carbon, coal tar, ammonia liquor, and coal oil are examples of commercial products historically produced by the destructive distillation of coal. Many early experiments used retorts for destructive distillation.
Catalytic fast pyrolysis is a fast process in which the cellulose is broken down to a liquid biofuel. In this approach the cellulose is heated to 500 degrees Celsius in less than one second in a chamber to break apart the molecules. The catalyst forms chemical reactions that remove oxygen bonds and form carbon rings
Pyrolysis gasoline or pygas is a naphtha-range product with high aromatics content. [1] It is a by-product of high temperature naphtha cracking during ethylene and propylene production, a high octane number mixture that contains aromatics from the aromatization reactions, olefins , and paraffins ranging from C5s to C12s.
The process is inexpensive as metal oxides, [1] hydroxides, [20] carbonates [33] or nitrates [21] can be used as starting points for precursor synthesis. For mixed-metal oxides, one can either synthesize a double-alkoxide which contains two metal elements such as magnesium aluminum double alkoxide [ 20 ] as shown in Table 1 , or simply mix ...