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This herd became one of the genetic sources from which current bison herds descend. [6] [7] The herd was donated to the State of Texas in 1997. [8] In 2011, bison were allowed to roam throughout the park, and the Texas Legislature designated the bison herd at Caprock Canyons State Park as the official State Bison Herd of Texas. [9]
Texas: Fort Worth, Texas: 18 Genesee Park [3] Colorado: Denver Parks and Recreation: 33 Grand Teton National Park–National Elk Refuge bison herd [3] Wyoming: National Park Service: 1000 Grasslands National Park: Saskatchewan: Parks Canada: 300 Hay-Zama Lakes Wildland Park: Alberta: Alberta Parks: 400 Henry Mountains bison herd [3] Utah
The Texas State Bison Herd (TSBH), also known as the Goodnight herd, was established by Charles Goodnight in the mid-1880s with five wild-caught calves. In 1887, the herd consisted of 13 individuals; in 1910, the population consisted of 125 individuals; and in the 1920s, the population ranged from 200 to 250 individuals.
The herd serves as a visual aid for people to learn about animal adaptations, land management programs, and prairie ecology. Bison are a Keystone species for Texas blackland prairies and the herd is used to assist with natural land management that mimics how free-roaming bison affected the land before they were extirpated. [8]
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Mary Ann Dyer Goodnight (September 12, 1839 – April 11, 1926) was an American cattlewoman, conservationist, and educator married to prominent Texas rancher and cattleman Charles Goodnight. She was a 1991 inductee of the National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame. [1] Mary Ann is credited with saving the Southern Plains Bison from extinction.
Bonfire Shelter is located in Texas. Bison hunting was performed as "bison jumps" which involved stampeding a herd of bison over a cliff, and then butchering the dead animals. In the shelter, there are two distinct zones of bison bones.
The Yellowstone bison herd was the last free-ranging bison herd in the United States being the only place where bison were not extirpated. [8] The Yellowstone bison herd is descended from a remnant population of 23 individual bison that survived the mass slaughter of the 19th century in the Pelican Valley of Yellowstone Park.