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Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a cause of acute and chronic liver disease caused specifically by medications and the most common reason for a drug to be withdrawn from the market after approval. The liver plays a central role in transforming and clearing chemicals and is susceptible to the toxicity from these agents.
Hy's law is a rule of thumb that a patient is at high risk of a fatal drug-induced liver injury if given a medication that causes hepatocellular injury (not Hepatobiliary injury) with jaundice. [1] The law is based on observations by Hy Zimmerman, a major scholar of drug-induced liver injury.
The FDA first warned in September that the drug could cause liver problems. It escalated that warning after reviewing the case of a person with blood markers of liver injury who had been taking ...
Drug-induced cholestasis (DIC) falls under drug-induced liver injury (DILI), specifically the cholestatic or mixed type. [ 23 ] [ 24 ] While some drugs (e.g., acetaminophen ) are known to cause DILI in a predictable dose-dependent manner (intrinsic DILI), most cases of DILI are idiosyncratic , i.e., affecting only a minority of individuals ...
Users of Alli and Xenical, beware -- the diet drugs may cause liver failure, according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. In a statement released on May 26, the government agency said ...
Risk factors for toxicity include alcoholism, malnutrition, and the taking of certain other hepatotoxic medications. [1] Liver damage results not from paracetamol itself, but from one of its metabolites, N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI). [6] NAPQI decreases the liver's glutathione and directly damages cells in the liver. [7]
Analogous terms such as "drug-induced" or "toxic" liver disease are also used to refer to disorders caused by various drugs. [7] Fatty liver disease (hepatic steatosis) is a reversible condition where large vacuoles of triglyceride fat accumulate in liver cells. [8]
A hepatotoxin (Gr., hepato = liver) is a toxic chemical substance that damages the liver.. It can be a side-effect, but hepatotoxins are also found naturally, such as microcystins and pyrrolizidine alkaloids, or in laboratory environments, such as carbon tetrachloride, or far more pervasively in the form of ethanol (drinking alcohol).